Study On The Supply Level And Publicness Evaluation Of Open Space In High-density Blocks Based On Three-dimensional Accessibility

When inspecting Chengdu Tianfu New Area and Shanghai’s Huangpu River public open space in 2018 and 2019 respectively,General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: Urban construction should be centered on the people,focus on the needs of the people,and strive to create a good environment suitable for business,living,pleasure and travel.However,in large cities,especially in high-density bolcks where lands are precious,the supply of public open space is insufficient to meet people’s ever-increasing demand for higher quality of life.There are densely populated,highly mobile,saturated land in high-density blocks.The distribution of public entertainment and leisure space resources is unbalanced or even lacking.Thus,the attached open space,which is a public space open to the public in the building’s ancillary land,has gradually become an important role in the urban public open space.It provides residents with venues for tours,walks,and rest.In the investigation,it was found that the public open spaces had been built have problems such as low quality,poor publicity,and lack of management.How to build a green,open,convenient,and high-quality urban public open space has gradually aroused urban builders’ thinking.The core area of Zhujiang New Town in Guangzhou and Yorkville,Manhattan,New York are two typical domestic and international high-density blocks selected in this study.In New York,zoning regulations had been implemented since the 20 th century to encourage a great quantity of privately own public open spaces.While in Guangzhou,urban design guidelines had been adopted in the early 21 st century,then a large number of attached open spaces appeared.Therefore,the two blocks have strong comparability and reference.This article studies the similarities and differences in the supply characteristics of the attached/private open space between the two blocks formed in different environments.By drawing lessons from domestic and foreign policies and summarizing the guidance and management strategies of open space,it provides a reference for the research,construction and management of open space in high-density blocks in China.This article is mainly divided into five parts.The first part is basic theory and related research.It expound the core concepts of open space,summarize domestic and foreign open pattern,guiding policies and management strategies for open space from the aspects of theory,policy,and practice.The second part is the basic characteristics of the open space in high-density blocks,mainly analyzing from two aspects of macro and micro.We use statistical method to analyze and compare the overall situation of the two blocks,point out the differences and the reasons for the formation of the strengths and weaknesses of each.The third part is the three-dimensional accessibility analysis of open space.Accessibility is one of the supply characteristics of high-density blocks.The GIS model is used to calculate and analyze the affluent region,complemental region,and scarce region in the block,and propose optimization measures for scarce region.The fourth part is the publicity evaluation of open space.Taking the statistical supply characteristics as evaluation indicators,the evaluation index and evaluation model are established respectively to realize qualitative,quantitative,and visualized.Eventually we form a complete set of common evaluation system for neighborhood open space.The fifth part proposes the guiding and governance policy of "incentive,control and protection" for high-density urban areas,analyzes the feasibility of the openness of attached land,and proposes the opening strategy and optimization strategy of attached open space.It will provide reference for the planning and research of open space in high-density urban areas of major cities in China.