Study On The Walkability Of Urban Streets Based On Walk Score And Population Density

Walking is the easiest and most environmentally friendly way to travel.It not only can greatly ease traffic congestion,reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions,but also save infrastructure investment.Due to the lack of a reasonable and convenient street layout and a safe and comfortable slow system,urban residents have a low willingness to walk and travel.Therefore,the rational optimization of street layout and the improvement of street walkability have become effective ways to enhance urban livability,enhance people's well-being,and obtain economic and social benefits.Scholars at home and abroad have used the walking score evaluation method for many times to measure the level of the city's walking ability.However,they all remain at the level of the overall evaluation of the regional walking ability.This article first adaptively optimizes the walking score evaluation method by increasing the evaluation goal,cost,and status quo.Second,it uses the Baidu map heat map to check the theoretical results and actual conditions of the walking score model,and then constructs a comprehensive walkability evaluation framework.The streets of Shenzhen and Nanshan District have been used as examples to verify the feasibility of the above comprehensive walking evaluation framework and provide planning suggestions for research findings.The study found that the highest street walk score in Shenzhen is concentrated in the southwestern part of the city.The value of the walk score in the streets in the periphery is generally higher than 30,and the value of most street pedestrians is in the range of 50 to 60(a walking score).Futian District,Luohu District and Nanshan District are highly walkable and suitable for walking;Longgang District,Pingshan New District,Bao'an District,Longhua District and Guangming New District are walking in general,only part of the daily service facilities are within walking distance;Pengxin District and Yantian District have poor walkability.In the verification comparison of the Nanshan District street walking score,the population density and the field survey,the study found that the matching relationship between Yuehai Street,Xili Street and China Merchants Street was relatively high,and that of some sections of Shahe West Road and Wenxin Second Road were partial.The population density is high,and the pedestrian walking score and the flow density in Xili Street and Merchants Street are low.There is a mismatch between Shahe Street and Shekou Street.Some sections of Lishui Road and Taizi Road have a high walking score,but the density of people is low.Some sections of Keyuan North Road and Tianhe Road have a low walking score but high crowd density.At the same time,the walk score and the density of pedestrians in the streets around the subway station and along the line are relatively high.The walk score around the residence is higher and the population density is lower.The traffic density of the streets near the office and the village is higher but the walking score is lower.The reasons for this include the following: The calculation of the walking score is based on the layout of public service facilities,coupled with the decay of the pedestrian environment,without considering the quality factors of street walking facilities and the environment;there is also planning for construction land.Nature and public service facilities are strictly controlled.In response to these problems,this paper proposes planning and improvement suggestions such as optimizing the neighborhood structure,improving street accessibility,increasing greening,improving the environment,creating a rich spatial hierarchy,decentralizing the layout of daily facilities,making overall plans,and guiding the types of facilities.The comprehensive walking appraisal framework adopted in this paper further perfects the walking score appraisal method.On the basis of studying the appraisal dimension of pedestrian appraisal,the actual pedestrian appraisal dimension is added;the results can be compared by the walk score and the population flow distribution ratio.Find out the mismatched areas,find out the problems,and then guide and make reconstruction.After the completion of the transformation,you can carry out backtesting,and repeatedly test whether the reform measures taken are effective,that is,form closed-loop and continuous benign rolling iteration optimization.In the follow-up urban planning and reconstruction and urban renewal,relevant reference suggestions can be provided to make the capital and human resources more accurate and more efficient use.