Studies On Macrofungi Diversity In The Shengshan National Nature Reserve In Heilongjiang Province

The combination of traditional taxonomy and modern analytical biology was applied to the classified study in the Shengshan National Nature Reserve.A total of 213 species was obtained,belonging to 2 phyla,5 classes,14 orders,47 families,84 genus,including 68 edible fungi,21 medicinal fungi,10 toxic fungi,and 29 forest pathogenic fungi.There were 12 species of Ascomycota,belonging to 3 classes,4 orders,8 families and 12 genus,and 201 species of Basidiomycota,belonging to 2 classes,10 orders,39 families and 72 genra.The core area of the Shengshan National Nature Reserve was divided into four main plant community types: community 1 is broad-leaved mixed forest,community 2 is conifer mixed forest,and community 3 is coniferous mixed forest and community 4 shrubs.Diversity index ? was used to analyse the macrofungi biodiversity in these four types.The results showed that there were significant differences of macrofungi distribution in the four different types,of which community 1 had the highest species richness.Research on the macrofungi flora of Shengshan National Nature Reserve revealed that there are 8 dominant families in this area,including Polyporaceae,Russulaceae,Agaricaceae,Pluteaceae,Inocybaceae,Mycenaceae,Strophariaceae and Tricholomataceae;12 dominant genera were observed,namely Russula,Polyporus,Pluteus,Pholiota,Mycena,Inocybe,Gymnopus,Entoloma,Crepidotus,Cortinarius,Clitocybe and Amanita.Using the formula D.Szymkiewicz,comparing the Shengshan Nature Reserve with the 3 regions from Heilongjiang River Basin and 1 region from Ussuri River Basin,and with the 3 regions from Xiaoxing'an Mountain and 1 region from Daxing'an Mountain,it is concluded that the macrofungi in the reserve located in the same watershed are highly similarity and the similarity of the macrofungi in the reserve of the same mountain is higher,and the closer,the higher the similarity.