Research On ZigBee Routing Protocol Optimization And Application

In recent years,the rapid development of wireless sensor networks have been promoted by the advances in microelectronics technology and wireless communication technology.A large number of inexpensive micro sensor nodes are deployed in the monitoring area to form the wireless sensor network through self-organizing methods.By cooperatively sensing,collecting and processing the information of the objects in the network covered areas,the information world and the physical world are integrated together.As one of the key technologies of WSN,ZigBee is based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard.With the characteristics of low power consumption,low speed,low cost and self-organizing network,ZigBee mainly operates in the 2.4 GHz ISM license-free frequency band.It's widely used in the smart grid,smart agriculture,medical monitoring,building automation,industrial control and other fields.The routing nodes are battery powered.The traditional ZigBee routing algorithm has the problems that the routing requests consume lots of energy and the energy consumption of the nodes in the network are uneven,which shorten the network lifetime.How to make the network run as long as possible with limited energy has become an important research target of ZigBee technology.Factors such as energy,link quality index,importance,tree routing hops from forwarding nodes to destination node are considered in this thesis.An energy balance routing algorithm is proposed that optimizes the selection of forwarding nodes.In the route discovery phase,a reasonable RREQ broadcast radius is set according to the depths of the source node and the destination node.The mobility of nodes and the interference caused by environmental changes are considered.In the route selection phase,the optimal next hop node is selected by multi-objective optimization.The weights are calculated by the AHP based on interval rough number,and the consistency of the interval rough number discriminant matrix is redefined.Exchanging sleep timing periodically is used to implement a synchronous low-power routing mechanism.The simulation results based on NS-2 show that the algorithm can effectively reduce the number of RREQ floods,increase the average arrival rate of data packets,reduce the average end-to-end delay,maintain the energy balance of the nodes in the network,and prolong the network lifetime.In order to solve the problem of inconvenient environmental information gathering in large-scale clustered greenhouses and difficult data collection outside the sheds,the ZigBee technology was applied to the greenhouse crop planting industry.Different ZigBee sensor nodes are used to collect different environmental parameters in the greenhouses and the aggregate data are transmitted to the remote control center through ZigBee network.From the overall structure of the system to the design of each sensor node in the greenhouses are elaborated.The application of ZigBee technology in smart agriculture is realized.