The Research Of Routing Protocols For WSN And ZigBee Protocol Stack

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) technology is changing the interaction mode between human and the world. It is known as one of the most promising research subject in the future. ZigBee protocol is a short-range WPAN(Wireless Personal Area Network) technical standard which characterized by low-power, lowe-rate and high-reliability. It is based on the IEEE802.15.4standard, formulated by ZigBee Alliance. ZigBee is one of the most important development direction of wireless sensor network.Since most sensor nodes’energy are limited, wireless sensor network routing should not only keep the effective data transmission, but also save energy and prolong network life time, considered the energy factor. With the development and mature of positioning technology, the advantages of geographic routing is becoming more and more obvious. At the same time, geographic routing energy balance also become an important research topic. This paper mianly research the Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR), and does some improvements about energy balance.In the research of wireless sensor network’network layer, focusing on the hot-routing problem in traditional Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR), a new Energy Balancing Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR-EB) is proposed. In routing discovery phase, intermediate node not only take the geographic location of its neighbor nodes into consideration, but also take account of their energy level, in order to get relatively balanced load among neighbor nodes, avoid the premature death of hot nodes or the network. Simulation results in NS-2simulator show that the proposed GPSR-EB makes energy of nodes blanced and prolongs the network lifetime without affecting packet delivery success rate, compared to GPSR.In the terms of application research of wireless sensor network, this paper adopts a combination of hardware and software to research the application of ZigBee, which is representative technology of WSN. In order to realize the multi-point data acquisition of remote hydrological monitoring and convergence, ZigBee technology is used to build a wireless sensor network. When building a ZigBee wireless hydrology monitoring system, we first combines every hydrological monitoring sensor with ZigBee nodes; then modify the ZigBee protocol stack, to set up the ZigBee wireless network and transmit data;and finally implement the communication with monitoring center, wirh the help of GPRS data transmission module. This system realizes multi-point data acquisition and remote transmission, at a low cost. Experimental verification show this system can satisfy the need of hydrological monitoring, with high reliability. Applying ZigBee technology to hydrologic monitoring is a very economic solution, has significance to the development of hydrological monitoring.