The Research Of LEACH Protocol Improvement Based On Fuzzy Control And Shortest Path

Wireless sensor network(WSN)is self-organized by a large number of sensors randomly distributed in the monitoring area.The sensor nodes with the characteristic of small size and low cost,which can be used in the environment that is poor and difficult to close.Not only in the military field but also in the daily life and other fields,WSN have a wide range of applications.However,the sensor nodes have limited energy,and the nodes once be deployed,that's energy can't be added.So how to reduce the transmission energy's consumption and improve the network lifetime is the focus of the wireless sensor network.LEACH protocol is a classic routing protocol,which divide the nodes in the network into several cluster through randomly selects the cluster head.First of all,the LEACH protocol's cluster electing is use a random number to compare with the threshold value,which is not conducive to the energy balance.This paper puts forward to improve protocol – CEBFC(Cluster head Election algorithm based on Fuzzy Control).This protocol uses fuzzy control algorithm to optimize the cluster head election,which reference to the nodes' residual energy and other factors.And then using the priority degree,which calculated by fuzzy controller,to improve the node broadcast election cluster head waiting time calculation formula.In addition,before the normal nodes electing clusters,the normal nodes not only take into account the path length between cluster head and itself but also reference the distance between base station and cluster head.So the cluster heads near the base station has a smaller scale,to balancing the energy consumption of cluster head.Furthermore,focus the problem of communication cost is too high,which caused by cluster head and base station is transmission directly,this paper proposed a new protocol based on CEBFC protocol--FCASP(Routing Protocol based on Fuzzy Control and Shortest Path).The method for communication between cluster head and base station is mix up single hop with multi-hop.The relay node chooses not only consider the residual energy and path factors of the candidate nodes in the forward area,but also the cluster load of the candidate node.To finding a short and load balanced transmission path between the source node and the base station.In addition,when the network come to end of lifetime,the special situation that there is no candidate relay node in the forward area,which has be considered by us.It makes the protocol becoming more perfect.MATLAB simulation shows that CEBFC protocol can improve the working life of the network effectively compared with CFFL and LEACH protocol.Compared with CHBFT and LEACH protocols in the first node's death time,The FCASP protocol is increased about 19% and 209% respectively.Besides,the consumption of the whole network and the base station receives the number the packet has also be enhanced.