Researches Of Cluster Routing Protocol And Topology Control Technology In Wsns

Wireless sensor networks(WSNs) is a emerging technology application which integrates wireless communication technology, sensor technology, modern network technology, embedded application technology and distributed information processing technology into a whole. WSNs has become a concern of the current international, it involves multi-disciplinary field, and is a hot area of research with cutting-edge technology is highly integrated. WSNs can collaboratively monitor, sense, collect and process the physical information of the objective world which in the coverage region of network, and send the useful information to the user terminal by self-organizing wireless communication networks through multi-hop relay approach. WSNs can change the way humans interact with nature, people can sense the objective world through the sensor network, which greatly extends the functionality of existing network and human understanding capacity to the world.WSNs have potential applications, such as military research, medical and health, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries, environmental monitoring, and space exploration and many other areas are all the battlefields of sensor networks. However, WSNs is a energy-limited system. Due to the environmental and many other factors, it can not be charged like the traditional wireless networks. Therefore, energy conservation is the primary goal of the routing protocols and topology control design in the WSNs.In this paper, we analyzed and studied the current typical routing protocols and topology control mechanisms for the limited energy of WSNs. According to the inadequacies of existing routing protocols and topology control algorithms we have made some improvements for them. LEACH is an efficient clustering algorithm; it is superior to the general plane multi-hop routing protocols and static clustering algorithm in terms of balancing energy consumption and prolonging WSNs life. But there is the problem of uneven clusters, overburdened cluster-head and low energy efficiency in the LEACH algorithm. Through the in-depth analysis to the LEACH algorithm, this paper proposed the subsidiary cluster head algorithm (SCHA) and the energy efficient clustering multi-hop routing algorithm (EECMRA) separately. The SCHA aimed at solving the problem of overloaded cluster head, uneven clusters, to set up a subsidiary head in the clusters in order to effectively reduce the burden of the main cluster head and the conserve some energy of the sensor nodes; the EECMHR introduce energy rate factor to the cluster head election in order to let the nodes with high energy values have more chance to become the cluster head mainly for the problem of random selection of cluster head without considering the factor of nodes energy, so easily lead the sensor nodes with low energy to become overburdened cluster head again in the LEACH algorithm. Meanwhile, the EECMRA provides that the cluster heads should communication with the base station according to the MTE multi-hop routing protocol to save their energy, so the algorithm can effectively balance the network energy consumption.At last, the simulation results show that all of the two algorithms can effectively improve network energy efficiency from different points of view, and extend the network life cycle, and have obvious improvement compared to the LEACH.