A Study On The Changes Of Means Of Livelihood For Urban And Suburban Hui Muslim Peasants In Southern Mountainous Areas Of Ningxia

With the steady progress of Urbanization,the development of modern economy has immersed with the production and life of urban and suburban Hui Muslim communities,in which the means of livelihood is the most obvious one.The paper has selected Wang Jing Village in Haicheng Town of Haiyuan County As a case,exploring the changes of means of livelihood,in the process of urbanization,for Urban and Suburban Hui Muslim Peasants in Southern Mountainous Areas of Ningxia.Wang Jing Village stands in the middle of the urban and suburban developments and has been brought into one of the key areas in Hai Yuan County's urban planning.Wang Jing village,as the transportation hub between Hai Yuan County and Tong Xin County,locates closer with Hai Yuan County,and far way from the traditional villages,and is in the middle of the urban and suburban areas.Taking the strength of its location,convenience in transportation business,the government's priorities given to animal husbandry base development,profitable fruit trees industry in urban and suburban areas,as well as the special designated beautiful village construction,Wang Jing Village grows to be one of the major windows for local political,cultural and information exchanges and the platform for economic development.The village is also the ideal place for those shantytown and urban village residents who once were land-lost peasants,and has made itself the focus of county level development.The means of livelihood is the life style based on the living conditions.With the development of the era and environmental improvements,it is changing all the time.By the case study of the means livelihood of a specific community in its area,we could not only explore the changes of local living states,but also figure out the law of urban development and the its future trend in rural areas.Taking the means of livelihood of urban and suburban residents as the object of study is a typical and representative choice.Starting from the reform and opening up period,the paper analyzes the means of livelihood and its social consequences of Hui Muslims peasants living in Wang Jing Village on the basis of contemporary changes in traditional agriculture,non-agricultural industries like individual business,transportation and manual labor output etc.In the meantime,the reasons of local peasants changing means of livelihood and problems in the process are also analyzed and the author proposes her own viewpoints.The author thinks that the changes of Hui Muslim peasants means of livelihood have direct connections with other local societies and changes of their structures.The means of livelihood and social development are mutually influenced and promoted.The development of urbanization is pushing Hui Muslims' traditional means of livelihood into the process of the society's modern development,whereas the changes of urban and suburban peasants means of livelihood represent the trend of changes of rural means of livelihood from traditional to modern,moreover,it is the major way to explore the transitional role from peasants to urban residents.The urbanization oriented changes in land operation concept,restructuring social capitals,economic modes and professional identities would be the major driving force in changing local residents' means of livelihood.Realizing and adapting to the modernization of the above fields will be the trend of the changes and developments of local residents'means of livelihood.