| The way of livelihood is closely related to the natural and social environment in which people live.In recent years,in order to build a well-off society in an all-round way,the state has attached more importance to the issue of ecology and poverty alleviation under the rural revitalization strategy.A series of actions such as ecological improvement,precision poverty alleviation,technology going to the countryside,and enterprise introduction have promoted the development of rural industries and traditional livelihoods.Changes and changes in local ecology and life.Problems always coincide with opportunities.Such changes are not transferred by human will,and have a strong background and practical significance.This paper studies the transition process from a fragile subsistence to a sustainable livelihood in a minority village in the Karst area of ??the southeastern Chongqing Province.The transformation of the livelihood of the village is based on the synergy between the three external forces of the research team,the enterprise and the government,and is also part of the process of social change and modernization in the southwestern ethnic regions.The livelihoods sustainability referred to in this paper are the same as the concept of “sustainable livelihoods”.On the basis of combing the research background,research significance and related literature research,this paper clarifies that the core problem of the research is “sustainable development of livelihood under the synergy of external forces in karst areas”,and the research orientation of “the sustainable change process of livelihood and the mechanism of external force intervention ” is proposed.Through the field investigation method and the literature method,the sustainable development path of farmers' livelihood under the external force empowerment in the karst trough desertification area in southeastern Chongqing is studied.The paper is mainly divided into three parts.The first part is the introduction,including the origin and significance of the research,the overview of the field,the literature review and the research methods.These informations are the indispensablebackground information for understanding the livelihood changes in the village.The second part is the content of the first chapter to the third chapter of the thesis.According to the order of “The gradual fragility of the livelihood after the establishment of the new China-The intervention of external forces-Local livelihood and life changes after external force intervention”,the three chapters are on the livelihood.The process of change and the process of external force intervention are described and analyzed,and the whole process of livelihood changes before and after the synergy of the village's external forces is demonstrated.The third part is the analysis and conclusion part.In the fourth chapter,the external force synergy model affecting the sustainable development of livelihood is compared,analyzed and summarized,and the three external force mechanism is summarized.In the conclusion of Chapter 5,Based on the discussion of the ecological and livelihood sustainable development in this paper,the paper summarizes the external force empowerment model that promotes the sustainable development of livelihoods in the local area,and refers for the development and revitalization of similar areas.The study found that the process of Quankong,which from the fragility of livelihoods to the realization of ecological and livelihood sustainable development,mainly driven by external forces.The synergy of external forces is the key to local development.The forces based on scientific research teams,enterprises and governments work together to promote local ecological,livelihood and life changes,and new problems arise.In the current situation of external power empowerment becoming inevitable,in order to achieve sustainable development of livelihood and ecology,and avoid new livelihood dilemmas and social problems that may arise,the mode of operation of external empowerment is extremely important.Therefore,based on field research and discussion,this paper Propose a “Quankong pattern” for realizing the sustainable development of farmers' livelihoods.The “Quankong pattern” is an external force mechanism for the sustainable development of ecology and livelihoods in areas with serious ecological problems.Follow a few basic steps: First,the scientific research team,combined with local ecological characteristics,choose suitable economic crops,serve the villagers through technology empowerment;project practice and research promotion through school-enterprise cooperation.Second,the enterprise is led by the local government to promote science and technology promotion and economic development;support endorsement with scientific research team technology and government policies to reduce operational resistance;Third,the government activelybuilds a platform to provide necessary services and policies for scientific research to the countryside and enterprises to settle in;by leading the introduction of enterprises,support the development of related industries to promote the employment of the villagers.This process should follow some principles: First,the research team should actively promote the school-enterprise cooperation and demonstration area construction,and give corresponding technical support;in the process of science and technology going to the countryside,we must follow the texture of local culture and nature.Second,enterprises should actively promote cooperation with scientific research teams and governments in suitable areas,and actively undertake social responsibilities;at the same time,it is necessary to protect the rights and interests of stakeholders,especially the rights and interests of villagers,to innovate agricultural land circulation and cooperation models,and to take into account technology promotion and traditional culture.Balanced protection,providing the necessary technical support and emotional care.3.For local governments,in response to external forces,the choice of introducing enterprises should be carefully carried out,and the research and development should be promoted through the establishment of special funds,the formulation of incentive policies,and the role of local agricultural authorities in coordinating the role;As far as possible,it provides policy support for the development of imported enterprises and large-scale industries,and promotes the employment of small households with large households;and guides industrial development and employment orientation through policy control.In this way,the sustainable development of farmers' livelihoods in fragile areas can be achieved. |
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