The Relationship Between Environmental Factors Before And During Pregnancy And Fetal Congenital Heart Disease

Objective:Fetal congenital heart disease(CHD),as the most frequent disease of congenital anomalies in China, is the leading cause of infant deaths and disability. The etiology of fetal CHD is extremely complex.This study explores the relationship between environmental factors before and during pregnancy and fetal CHD to provide scientific basis for prevention of fetal CHD and the formulation of public health intervention.Methods :There were 189 cases and 376 controls pregnant women during January, 2010 to December, 2014 who came from Fujian Provincial Maternity and Child Care Center participated in the questionnaire survey, we adopted a hospital-based case-control study. We used unification questionnaire which is called The interaction questionnaire about environmental and genetic factors before and during pregnancy to questionnaire the object. We performed data analysis, using Epidata to input the data and SPSS 19.0 to carry on Chi-squared test,unconditioned single factor and multiple factors Logistic regression analysis in this study, the object is to explore the relationship between environmental factors before and during pregnancy and fetal CHD.Results:1. The women during early pregnancy exposed to noise is the risk factor of fetal CHD(OR=3.432,95%CI:1.893-6.223).2. The bedroom air pollution before and during pregnancy which include the housing renovation( OR=2.204, 95%CI : 1.210-4.014),contacting with harmful gas(OR=3.247,95%CI:1.259-8.375),using pesticides or aerosol(OR=1.706,95%CI:1.147-2.538)and cooking(OR=1.551,95%CI:1.034-2.326),may increase the risk of fetal CHD.3. The bad habits before and during pregnancy that contain husband drinking(OR=2.181,95%CI:1.190-3.996),husband smoking(OR=1.513,95%CI: 1.014-2.259)and husband had come home with the uniform(OR=3.138,95%CI:1.826-5.392),may also increase the risk of fetal CHD.4. The protections of fetal CHD are The family monthly income is more than 3000 yuan(OR= 0.383,95%CI:0.174-0.841),using the electricity instead of wood or gas as fuel(OR= 0.481,95%CI:0.298-0.841)and using smoke lampblack machine(OR=0.634,95%CI:0.404-0.993)Conclusion:1.Pregnant women exposure to noise and harmful gas,cooking,using pesticides or aerosol,house decoration,and her husband smoking,drinking and had come home with the uniform is the risk factors of fetal CHD.2.High family incomes and good indoor ventilation is protection factors of fetal CHD.3.We should actively carry out health education, reduce the expose of the risk environment factors in the live and work, is of great significance to preventing the occurrence of fetal CHD.