| Congenital heart disease (CHD is abbreviated CHD) is a disease of birth defects in one of the more common type, which is due to the process of embryo development, the heart and great vessels in the shape and structure abnormalities and affect its normal function. CHD can cause fetal and early embryonic spontaneous abortions and stillbirths, neonatal deaths caused by children and youth as well as adults with disabilities and other adverse consequences. Every year about130,000children born with CHD than in children under the age of7, CHD patients up to540000[1]. Uebing etc.[2] reported that global newborn, CHD prevalence rate of about8‰, in the United States, every1000live births, there are six to eight infants with severe heart defects. CHD serious harm to the healthy growth of infants and young children, to individuals, families and society brought heavy mental and economic burden. So far, CHD etiology is not well understood. CHD is due to a small number of chromosomal aberrations and single gene mutations, most of polygenic disease. CHD is the embryonic development of the heart and blood vessels in the process, in a single gene and multi-gene abnormality, based on the original encounter triggered by a variety of environmental teratogenic, genetic and environmental factors working together to produce results. In recent years, genetic research has made significant progress, the impact of environmental factors has been more attention. Embryonic heart development is a critical period of pregnancy2-8weeks, during this time, the general structure of the heart and atrial septal formation, at this time is the most heart defects formed during exposure. Different stages of development in the heart of the abnormal situation will be developed for different types of CHD [3]. In March this sensitive period during the first pregnancy, the pregnant woman if exposure to hazardous environmental factors, combined with genetic factors, may cause offspring cardiovascular malformations.Objective:Explore both husband and wife living environment, working environment and history of maternal and fetal CHD, for the control and prevention of fetal CHD caused due to these factors provide a theoretical basis.Methods:Applications1:1case-control study design, selection to ultrasound department echocardiography and preliminary diagnosis of fetal CHD pregnant women for the group of cases, the Third Hospital of Zhengzhou University in the Ministry of Public Health to select similar age and gestational age and ultrasound (four-dimensional ultrasoundor fetal echocardiography) shows no obvious abnormalities in pregnant women fetal heart development for the control group, the case group and the control group were performed face-to-face interview questionnaire, asked in detail about and fill out the exposure of both husband and wife about the pregnancy and environmental factors during pregnancy, roughlyas follows:In general, pre-pregnancy pregnant within3months after working and living environment, motherhood, disease status, medication compliance, pre-pregnancy and pregnancy nutrition and diet condition, mental state before and after pregnancy and suffered significant negative lifeevents. The recovered280valid questionnaires,140cases and140control group. Focus on selected questionnaire habits, working conditions and pregnancy history section, the study the factors reasonably quantified after with Excll software entry and import SPSS17.0Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS17.0. Statistical description of its processed and analyzed using univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis, to explore the relationship of the couple before pregnancy and during early pregnancy lifestyle, working conditions and pregnancy history and offspring CHD occurred.35suspected risk factors for univariate logistic regression analysis, the rows of data structure analysis and the amount of function variables into statistically meaningful variables and professional screening Logistic regression analysis, screening CHD occurred factor.Results:1single factor regression analysis results show that:before and after pregnancy husband smoking and drinking, husband hair perm, pregnant women to feed animals, family economic income, working environment with pesticides, work not wearing protective measures, dysmenorrhea is fetal CHD risk factors, while pregnant couple health inspection, the pregnant in a planned way, the work of no other factors influence the health, usually drinking water purifier processing water can reduce the risk of CHD.2many factors regression analysis results show that pregnant women before and after contact with pesticide (OR=6.78), work not wearing protective measures (OR=1.06), monthly family income is less than1000yuan (OR=3.86), common drinking tap water town (OR=5.12) can increase the risk of A fetus CHD, and before and after pregnancy health check (OR=0.41) and the planned pregnancy (OR=0.47) and usually drinking the local water (refers to water and mountain)(OR=0.14) can reduce the risk of CHD fetus.Conclusion:Pregnant women before and after contact with pesticides, pregnant women usually dysmenorrhea, work not wearing protective measures, monthly family income is less than1000yuan, ordinary drinking tap water town may be happened CHD risk factors, and before and after pregnancy health inspection and the pregnant in a planned way and usually drinking the local water (refers to water and mountain) may be CHD protection factors. |
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