| Objective: The incidence of oral disease showed an increasing trend. The situation is same in armed forces. The occurrence of oral diseases pose a serious threat to the army's fighting force. What's more, oral health service is an important part of the work of the military health service. Promoting oral health of troops, reducing the incidence of oral diseases and improving the range of military operations in the oral health care competence have become an important issue currently facing. In order to improve the fighting force, to maintain the operational status, field training is an important means to army officers. With the life-changing environment, increased training intensity and different lifestyle, Coupled with the impact of psychological stress factors, protect the oral health service would be very different from usual time.According to ? Physical labor intensity grading ? national standards(GB3869-1997)developed our National Bureau of Standards, combined with forces training program, during encamping in the hot weather conditions(summer dog days), the daily training they need to complete, have reached the standard of heavy labor intensity, and is a kind of high intensity military training. With the change of life environment, sanitation, water, diet and training intensity, living habits of many soldiers also changed. Combined with emotional stress and other psychological factors, it is easy to lead to mental stress status of the individual, resulting in decreased resistance, a variety of diseases, especially the occurrence of oral diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate and analyze oral health care and oral health habits for the officers.Cetylpyridinium chloride, a quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, has an inhibitory effect on a variety of pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity. It can be attracted and absorbed by oral mucosa and there are no obvious toxic side effects, no irritation of oral mucosa. The tooth surface is not colored at the same time. Thus, cetylpyridinium chloride can be used to treat and relieve a variety of oral disease. Currently, the main forms of cetylpyridinium chloride are applied to mouthwash, and most studies have focused on this. However, when talking about tablet formulation of cetylpyridinium chloride, there is not enough research about it. Since the tablets dissolve slowly in the saliva, it has long time to release, which can relatively extends drug action time, and easy to be carried. More and more studies is learning about cetylpyridinium chloride.This research project is studying the effect to oral health after taking cetylpyridinium chloride under high temperature and high strength training during encamping, providing new ideas for our oral medical support work during high-intensity training and laying the foundation for a more targeted training of oral medical support. This study provides research foundation to the application of research results to other areas of high-intensity labor work.Methods: Due to the particularity of the study, before the start of the investigation, we reported to the higher authorities to approve firstly. Before the formal implementation of the survey, the survey content is reported to the Ethics Committee of the Bethune International Peace Hospital to be approved.Subjects: Soldiers at high temperature and high strength for training and the total number of respondents is 279.Criteria for high-intensity training: According to?Physical labor intensity grading?national standards(GB3869-1997)and training programs, under the condition of hot weather in summer(summer dog days), those who complete the entire training have reached a high intensity strength exercise.In the natural light(if the light is insufficient, supplemented by artificial light), the way to check is visual examination combined with probing. Oral examination is referenced by the standard of the third national oral health epidemiological survey. The first time to check: at the beginning of the encamping, investigators went to check the oral health of officers and soldiers and these officers and soldiers filled the questionnaire(1). Using systematic random method to group randomizedly, investigators conducted a double-blind test. They distributed cetylpyridinium chloride tablets and placebo according to the results of randomized, and told officers and soldiers eating one at a time, 3 times a day. The second time to check: at the end of the encamping, investigators once again went to check the oral health of officers and soldiers and these officers and soldiers filled the questionnaire(2).Using SPSS 22 software to analysis the survey data statistically, Statistical methods is used to deal with non-parametric tests of various materials in this class rank sum test. Meanwhile, we check the results of the control group in two longitudinal comparison and test results of the control group and the experimental group horizontal comparison at the same time, P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: in this survey, 279 samples about checklists and questionnaires are effective and available, including 145 in the control group, 134 in experimental group.1 Findings of oral questionnaire(1)The number of officers and soldiers who brushing less than once a day has a ratio of 3.23%, that those brushing once a day was 14.7%, that those brushing twice a day was 80.65%, that those brushing more than three a day was 4%. officers and soldiers whose brushing time is less than 1 minute has a ratio of 11.11%, that those brushing time is 1-2 minutes are 70.97%, that those brushing time reaches 3 minutes was 17.92%. The number of officers and soldiers who do not smoke has a ratio of 38.35%, that those smoke 1-4 cigarettes a day was 21.68%, that those smoke 5-14 cigarettes a day was 31.38%, that those smoke 15-24 cigarettes a day was 7.17%, that those smoke more than 24 cigarettes a day was 1.43%. The number of officers and soldiers who replace toothbrush every 3 months was 78.49%, that those replace toothbrush every 6 months was 19.35 %, that those replace toothbrush every 1 year was 2.15%. The number of officers and soldiers using ordinary toothpaste ratio of 36.56%, the proportion of the use of fluoride toothpaste is 7.89%, the proportion of the use of Chinese Medicine toothpaste 19.00%, the proportion of the use of desensitizing toothpaste was 6.81%, the proportion is not clear which kind of toothpaste 29.75 %. The number of officers and soldiers for the purpose of prevention of dental to brush ratio of 37.28%, for the purpose of fresh breath ratio of 34.05%, the habits of behavior ratio of 19.71%, for the purpose of appearance ratio of 6.09%, the proportion of the purpose of brushing is not clear ratio of 2.87%. The number of officers and soldiers who never use mouthwash ratio of 14.34%, that whose occasionally using mouthwash ratio of 85.66%, no one use of mouthwash frequently.Less than 40% officers and soldiers obtain oral health knowledge through learning from medical staff. Over the past year, most officers and soldiers suffer from different oral diseases. First of all diseases is bleeding gums, with the prevalence of 61.29%; followed by is oral ulcers, with the prevalence of 43.73%; the third is caries, 34.77%; the fourth was sore gums, 29.75 %. Over 30% officers and soldiers consider that oral diseases have the impact on the training which can reach 5 levels. More than 50% officers and soldiers need dental treatment, oral examination and oral hygiene instructions.2 Findings of oral questionnaire(2)During the period of field training, 14.7% officers and soldiers reduced the times of daily brushing; 26.16% of officers and soldiers reduced the each brushing time; 31.90% of officers and soldiers increased daily cigarette consumption.During the period of field training, 94.98% of the officers and soldiers lived in tents, 67.38% of officers and soldiers drunk water untimely,7 5.99 percent of officers and soldiers drunk more water than before, 73.12% of the officers and soldiers felt an increased fatigue during field training. On the other hand, 59.86% of the officers and soldiers have decreased sleeping time, 50.90% of the officers and soldiers' sleeps quality is lower.3 Oral health examination results of officers and soldiersOral mucosa ulcer incidence rate has reached 6.46%, but 11.47% of the officers and soldiers treat it. Nearly 90% of respondents suffer from supra gingival calculus, while they has a lower prevalence of sub gingival calculus. About 90% of the officers and soldiers' first molars have gingival inflammatory changes. Incidence of resistance to the third molar teeth is around 50%. officers and soldiers' dental plaque index is high, 25% of which can reach level 3. officers and soldiers requiring regular dental evacuation have a ratio of 43.01%, while the need for early evacuation of oral health care was 1.79%.4 Longitudinal compare of results about officers and soldiers 'oral health examination before and after encamping.After field training, officers and soldiers oral prevalence was significantly increased(P <0.05), which has a statistically significant difference. Gingival sulcus bleeding after encamping was significantly increased(P <0.05), which has a statistically significant difference. After field training, 16, 26, 36, 46 plaque index showed a significant increase(P <0.05), which has a statistically significant difference.5 The impact of cetylpyridinium chloride tablets on the oral health status of officers and soldiers during the encampingLevel difference between the experimental group is lower than those of the control group before and after encamping(P> 0.05), which has not statistically significant. Considering about difference of the sulcus bleeding before and after the encamping, experimental group were lower than the control group(P <0.05), which has a statistically significant difference. Considering about average plaque index before and after the encamping, experimental group were lower than the control group(P <0.05), which has a statistically significant difference.Conclusion:1 Officers and soldiers lack the knowledge of oral health care and oral health consciousness. We should strengthen oral health education and enhance their ability of oral health care.2 Oral hygiene habits and accommodation, food, sleep, exercise and other factors had significantly negative changes during encamping. Oral medical support should be strengthened during this period.3 Officers and soldiers have a high incidence of oral disease. The status of daily oral health service needs to be strengthened.4 Oral health status of officers and soldiers is getting worse during the field training. The number of oral ulcers increased significantly, the same conditions in sulcus bleeding and plaque index.5 Cetylpyridinium chloride tablets can improve the situation of plaque index and sulcus bleeding during the period of encamping. |
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