Research On The Space-time Characteristics Of Winter Activity Of The Elderly In Home For The Aged

Aging of population is a concern in the whole world.China's aging population is very tough.Since the end of 1996,Shenyang has already become an old-age society.The situation of aging population in Shenyang is more serious than it in most cities of China.Traditionally,the young care for the old in China.But with the higher work pressure at present,young people don't have much energy for taking care of their parents.Now many people in Shenyang decide to solve this problem by sending parents to home for the aged.In Shenyang,the number of home for the aged accounts for half of the amount of the facilities of elders.But while the number of home for the aged is growing,the level of the design of nursing homes is still low in Shenyang.When we design a home for the aged,we always use the way which we use to design normal building.And our design is just in compliance with the principle of accessible design.So figuring out that which kind of nursing homes is suitable very necessary.Because the winter in Shenyang is cold and long,and the cold resistance of the elderly is poor,so the activities of the elderly were located in indoor space.Compared with other three seasons,in winter,the utility of indoor and outdoor space of home for the aged is different.So it's very important to make a research of time-space characteristics of the elderly in winter.Firstly,based on three certified home for the aged,this dissertation conduct a field research,realize the basic situation and space structure,master the psychological need and life habits of the elderly.Based upon the definition of the elderly from Gillian and daily activities habits of senior people,we divide the activities of the elderly into 5 types:necessary activity,exercise activity,amusement activity,social communicating activity and healthcare activity.Refer to the theory of 4 hierarchy space from Geoffery,the space is divided into 6 types of indoor spaces and 4types of outdoor spaces.Secondly,by using of spot shooting and 24h activities log,this dissertation collect the data of senior people activities and utility of space of home for the aged.Finally,the conclusion of winter time-space characteristics of the elderly who live in Shenyang by analyzing the data.1.There is no direct connection between the scale of nursing and the time characteristics of necessary activities and amusement of the elderly.Depending on different scales of home for the aged,the time characteristic of recreational sport is very different with social communicating activities.There is no predictable pattern in medical-nursing activities.2.In the winter of Shenyang,the use frequencies of the spaces of home for the aged are very different,indoor results is 94%,outdoor results is 6%.3.In the winter of Shenyang,species of outdoor activities of nursing home has been reduced,species of outdoor activities of nursing home has been increased.There are 5 types of activities in living room,4 types of activities in amusement space and dining space,3 types of activities in indoor traffic space.Except for culture zone(result is 0),each of other spaces contains one activity.4.The configuration of living room is inversely proportional to the use frequencies of other spaces.The living room has the effect of other spaces,it could decrease the use frequencies of other spaces.5.There is no enough area for health care activities in the healthcare space,the healthcare space remains idle.Under current conditions,there is no need for small and medium home for the aged to buy a lot of fitness equipment.They should optimize space usage to offer a comfortable space for group recreational activities.The newly-built home for the aged focus on the design of indoor traffic space,meanwhile,they increase use of support spaces.This improvement could reduce the number of personnel and promote the efficiency of services to senior people.The newly-built nursing homes have no need to purposely pursue the comprehensiveness of space function.Spaces which simply contain single functional capability could satisfy daily activities of the elderly.Meanwhile,they could help extend other activities.I hope this dissertation could offer technical references in design of nursing homes.