An Exploration On Spatial Mismatch Of The Informal Employees In Affordable Housing Communities In Chongqing

In general,the proportion of affordable housing in China had reached to 20% in 2015.The marginalized location has always been a key problem in the progress.As lacking of education,working skills and social capital,a large amount of low-income residents in affordable housing can only engage in informal jobs which mostly in inner city with higher mixed land-use where service industry and most informal jobs are intensely concentrating.There is consequently a predictable trend of jobs-living spatial mismatch among informal workers in affordable housing.But how is the extent of this spatial mismatch and the key elements from the perspectives of both the informal workers and the urban structure especially in land use and public transport.This paper therefore makes a preliminary analysis,based on the empirical study of two typical affordable housing communities in Chongqing.The research adopted questionnaire survey,semi-structure interview and POI data,combining the analysis tools like GIS and map tool of Baidu to analyze the degree of spatial mismatch and its impact.In the first place,the survey presents a substantial volume of affordable housing residents engaged in informal jobs,say averagely 52.7%.Their income from informal job accounts for a major proportion of the total household income.Secondly,the commute distance and time of informal workers has a significant increase after they moved into the studied affordable housing communities,risking the job sustainability.Last but not the least,the accessibility of informal employment for the residents of affordable housing is severely defined by the urban spatial structure.Our analysis illustrates that while little informal job opportunity is available around local place,those in other urban districts are heavily limited by the public transport.It shows that modal mismatch is the dominating pattern for spatial mismatch although skill and social mismatch are coexisting as well.I put forward some strategies in urban plannning and public transport planning and regeneration to avoid and weaken spatial mismatch.