Research On The Balance Between Employment And Housing Of Non-agricultural Employment Population In Typical Counties Of Shandong Provinc

With the promotion of the new-type urbanization strategy,more and more people choose to achieve non-agricultural employment and residence in counties,which is the model of county urbanization.In this process,the spatial organization efficiency of non-agricultural employment population is the key to the quality of county urbanization.In accordance with the idea of empirical analysis,based on defining the key concepts,this thesis summarizes the stage of county urbanization and the characteristics of job-housing balance in each stage according to relevant theories and literature.Then,taking Zoucheng City,Jining City,Shandong Province as an example,this thesis empirically analyzes the characteristics and influencing factors of jobs-housing balance of non-agricultural employment population,and puts forward targeted improvement strategies.Results:(1)The development stages of county urbanization and the characteristics of jobs-housing balance in each stage have been summarized.County urbanization can be divided into four stages: Ⅰ initial urbanization(urbanization rate < 30%),Ⅱ rapid urbanization(urbanization rate between 30% and 50%),Ⅲ new-type urbanization(urbanization rate between 50% and 70%),Ⅳ high-quality urbanization(urbanization rate > 70%).The characteristics of jobs-housing are different in each stage,which mainly shows the changes in population,land,and commuting.More attention is paid to the status and dynamic relationship in urban and township space.Among them,the relationship between jobs and housing of non-agricultural employment population has experienced a spiral rise from low-level balance to unbalanced,and then to high-level balance.Specifically,from "urban balance + urban-township isolation" to "urbantownship double growth + urban-township breakdown",to "urban dominance + urbantownship interaction",and finally "urban-township integration + network balance".(2)Sixty percent of the non-agricultural employed population in Zoucheng City has reached the jobs-housing balance,but there is a significant difference between urban and rural areas.The jobs-housing balance degree in urban areas is lower than that in townships.According to statistics,the jobs-housing balance degree of all non-agricultural employed population in Zoucheng City is 61%,and the local residence rate is relatively high,reaching71%.Meanwhile,the jobs-housing balance degree of non-agricultural employed population in urban areas is lower than that in rural areas,but it is still more than half.According to statistics,the jobs-housing balance degree of non-agricultural employed population in township areas is65%,while that in urban areas is 55%.In addition,the proportion of non-agricultural employed population in township areas with reasonable commuting distance and time is 55%and 53%,respectively,higher than that in urban areas with 43% and 33%.Taking the subdistrict-township as the unit of spatial analysis,it can be found that the jobs-housing balance degree of the subdistrict-township presents the characteristics of increasing outward along the urban development axis with the urban center.(3)In Zoucheng,the jobs-housing balance degree of non-agricultural employment population with rural hukou is higher than that of urban hukou.The balance degree of nonagricultural employment population with rural hukou shows a pattern of "high-low-high" along the development axis.According to statistics,the jobs-housing balance degree of rural hukou non-agricultural employment population is 65%,higher than that of urban hukou(52%),and the local residence rate of rural hukou non-agricultural employment population is 76%,higher than that of urban hukou(59%).At the same time,in commuting efficiency,the nonagricultural employment population of rural hukou is better than that of urban hukou.According to statistics,the reasonable commuting distance and time of rural non-agricultural employment population accounted for 55% and 69%,respectively,while those of urban nonagricultural employment population accounted for 38% and 40%,respectively,17% and 29%higher.(4)The non-agricultural employment population in Zoucheng City,whose children are in preschool education,has a higher jobs-housing balance degree than that in compulsory education,and it shows the spatial characteristics of outward increase along the urban development axis with the urban center.According to statistics,the jobs-housing balance degree of the non-agricultural employment population whose children are in preschool education(64%)higher than that of the non-agricultural employment population whose children are in compulsory education(57%),and the local residence rate(73%)is also higher than that of the non-agricultural employment population whose children are in compulsory education(68%).In commuting efficiency,non-agricultural employment population whose children are in preschool education is better than children in compulsory education.According to statistics,the proportion of reasonable commuting distance and time for non-agricultural employment population whose children are in preschool education is 55% and 65%,respectively,higher than the proportion of children in compulsory education 43% and 55%,both more than 10%.(5)"Individual-family-environment" jointly affects the job-housing balance of nonagricultural employment population in Zoucheng.Income and residence type are common influencing factors,but there are differences among different groups.For the overall nonagricultural employment population in the county,the jobs-housing balance is affected by eight factors,such as education level,occupation type,income,hukou,children’s education stage,residence type,commuting mode,and walking time to the nearest bus stop.The nonagricultural employment population in urban areas is affected by seven factors,including education level,income,family structure,residence type,willingness to change residence,commuting mode,and walking time to the nearest bus stop.Although the influence factors of these two groups are different,they are all affected by the ternary effect of “individual,family and environment”.In addition,the jobs-housing balance of urban non-agricultural employment population is affected by six factors,such as occupation type,income,residence type,willingness to change residence,commuting mode,and satisfaction with living service facilities near workplace.The jobs-housing balance of non-agricultural employment population with children in compulsory education stage is affected by three factors,such as occupation type,income,and residence type.It can be found that the three factors of the latter also have an impact on the jobs-housing balance of the former.This study extends the theoretical connotation of jobs-housing balance to the county level,expands and enriches the theories related to county urbanization and jobs-housing balance,deepens the understanding of job-housing balance of non-agricultural employment population in Zoucheng City,and hopes to provide a reference for local government to make policies and for research and optimization of jobs-housing balance of the same type of county.