A Study About The Diversity Of Lycophytes And Ferns In Yueliangshan Natural Reserve

Located at the junction of Congjiang County and Rongjiang County,Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture,Guizhou Province,Yueliangshan Natural Reserve is the highlands of Duliujiang River,the upper reaches of the Pearl River,as well as being one of the Duliujiang River water conservation forests.In the natural reserve,there is still a large area of the original evergreen deciduous mixed forest,and the forest coverage rate is up to 77%.With perennial high temperature and rich water and heat resources,Yueliangshan Natural Reserve has a superior natural geographical condition,in which lycophytes and ferns have been well developed.Based on the wild field investigation,specimen collection and relevant literatures,the species diversity of lycophytes and ferns in Yueliangshan Natural Reserve was studied in this thesis.And this thesis includes 4 parts:(1)the current situation of lycophytes and ferns in Yueliangshan Natural Reserve;(2)the analysis about the flora of lycophytes and ferns in the reserve;(3)the ecological characteristics of lycophytesand ferns in the reserve;(4)the exploring and utilizing of the lycophytes and ferns in the reserve.The results show that:(1)In Yueliangshan Nature Reserve,there were 25 families,78 genera and 194 species of lycophytes and ferns(including varieties and forms,the same below),accounting for 65.8%,44.1%,9.1% of China respectively,in which,2 families,6 genera,and 13 species belong to lycophytes,and 23 families,72 genera,and 181 species belong to ferns.The dominant family and genus of lycophytes were Selaginellaceae(8 species)and Selaginella(8 species)respectively;the dominant families of ferns were Dryopteridaceae(28 species),Polypodiaceae(28species),and Pteridaceae(23 species),and the dominant genera were Pteris(11species),Diplazium(12 species),and Dryopteris(12 species).(2)The floristic geographical elements of the reserve were complex and diverse.The geographical elements at genus level can be divided into 11 distribution types,of which the pantropic genera were dominant,accounting for 38.46% of total genera.The geographical flora at species level can be divided into 9 distribution types and 6subtypes,of which the East Asian distribution and China endemic distribution constituted the main part of the geographical flora in the reserve.Compared with the other seven regions,the order of comprehensive coefficient of flora was Fanjingshan > Qianbei Danxia landform > Wuyishan > Yueliangshan Natural Reserve > Jinyunshan> Sanqingshan > Gutianshan > Guizhou Red River.Yueliangshan ranked fourth in the eight regions,in which lycophytes and ferns were very rich.The relationship of geographical flora between Yueliangshan Natural Reserve and Guizhou Red River was the most closed,and the furthest between Yueliangshan Natural Reserve and Gutianshan,Zhejiang.(3)The ecological environment types of lycophytes and ferns in the reserve were mainly the damp jungle habitats.There were 126 species living in this type,accounted for 64.95% of the total species.The next type was the stone and cave habitats with 34 species,accounting for17.53% of the total species.132 species were terrestrial,accounting for 68.04% of the total species,followed by 34 epilithic species,accounting for 17.53% of the total species.The ecological types of lycophytes and ferns in the reserve were very rich.(4)There were 11 families,13 genera and 19 species of edible lycophytes and ferns,and25 families,73 genera and 149 species which can be used in medicine.In addition,there were many lycopsida and ferns which can be used in ornamenting,indicating,chemical raw materials,feed fertilizer,pesticide,and etc.The prospects for exploring and utilizing are broad.By constructing the comprehensive evaluation system of landscape application,there were 12 species of lycophytes and ferns with relative high ornamental value,which are Selaginella uncinata,Drynaria roosii,Marsilea quadrifolia,Lepidogrammitis drymoglossoides,and Lygodium japonicum.