Studies On The Resources, Flora And Ornamental Application Of Ferns From Bifengxia In Ya'an

Througth line-road and sampling plots investigation methods, the status of fern species in Befengxia were made out primarily; the flora, diversity and ornamental attributes of ferns in the area were also analyzed. Based on above study, species with ornamental and applicational possibility were recommended. The main results are summarized as follows:133 species (including 3 varieties) of 65 genera in 31 families, among them including one new species (Polystichum yaanense), one genera (Dictyodroma) and one species(Dictyodroma heterophlebium) are new records to Sichuan.The families with abundant species include:Dryopteridaceae (5 genera,34 species), Athyriaceae (8 genera,17 species), Thelypteridaceae (10 genera 12 species) and Polypodiaceae (9genera,11 species). The genera with abundant species include: Polystichum(14 species), Dryopteris(10 species), Pteris(9 species), Asplenium(7 species), Athyrium(5 species), Arachniodes(5 species).Refer to the flora of Bifengxia, the families and genera mainly belong to tropical distribution elements. The distribution of species belongs to East Asia mostly. There are 18 species endemic to China, only inferior to East Asia and Tropical Asia distribution. Two species (Plagiogyria assurgens, Polystichum yaanense) are endemic to Sichuan; Polystichum yaanense is endemic to Bifengxia. Some species distribute in the area which are their north distributing boundary in China, such as Polystichum longispinosum, Polystichum semifertile, Diplaziopsis cavaleriana, Stegnogramma cyrtomioide, Tectaria coadunata, Asplenium ensiforme, Dictyodroma heterophlebium. Similarity analysis shows that the flora of Bifengxia is closely related to Emei Mountain, while have a distant relation to Nanshan district of Shenzhen city.Five plots including A,B,C,D,E,D were sited near the canyon of Bifengxia. Diversity study shows that the dominant species in the communities were Polystichum makinoi, Macrothelypteris torresiana, Athyrium delavayi, Neolepisorus ovatus, Dryopteris sparsa, Arachniodes simulans, Allantodia megaphylla, etc. The indices of a-diversity of the five communities were high and the varieties among each communites were small. The indices of a-diversity of plot A and B were higher than the other three plots. The index of a-diversity of plot E was lowest than the other four plots. There were 11 common species between plot A and B, their similarity were highest among five plots. The similarity between plot C and D were much higher too, their Jaccard index reached 0.2941. Theβ-diversity index was highest between plot A and E, so their similarity are the lowest.Study on the fern's ecological characters shows that the ecological types of ferns in Bifengxia were variety. It can be attributed to water, sunshine, soil, temperature and base material.Acorrding to relative ornamental elements, the ornamental attributes of ferns in Bifengxia were estimated. The results show that ferns with ideal plant type include: Angiopteris fokiensis, Plagiogyria euphlebia, Allantodia megaphylla, etc. Ferns with ideal ornamental leaves include:Neolepisorus ovatus, Dryopteris erythrosora, Cyrtomium caryotideum, etc.Based on the above study,11 species were recommended. All of them possess much higher ornamental and applicational possibility. Among them, species can be used as potted plants include:Plagiogyria euphlebia, Athyrium delavayi, Leptogramma scallanii, Polystichum makinoi, etc; species can be used as cover plants include:Athyrium strigillosum, Macrothelypteris torresiana, Glaphyropteridopsis erubescens, etc; species that can match for rockery stones include:Lindsaea odorata, Leptogramma scallanii, Lepidomicrosorium buergerianum, etc; species that can match for waterscape include: Athyrium strigillosum, Glaphyropteridopsis erubescens, Arachniodes simulans, etc; species can be used in ikebana include:Plagiogyria euphlebia, Neolepisorus ovatus, Lepidomicrosorium buergerianum, etc.