Investigation And Benefit Analysis For The Pig Industry In Shaanxi Province

This study aimed to investigate the situation of pig industry in Shaanxi Province,Analysis of the main factors which affecting the economic farm. The object of this researchmainly come from different scale pig farms, the key indicators of investigation is size,breeding varieties, nutritional, production performance, feeding and management, diseaseprevention, etal. The scale of this research involving northern Shaanxi, southern Shaanxi andGuanzhong, include farms which in different scale and level. Analysis the cost structure ofdifferent scale pig farms, explore the relevance about index which contains the size andproduction performance with efficiency, illustrate the indicator of species and nutrition whicheffect benefits for pig farms，Provide the basis for master true production capacity of pigfarming, give some suggestions for improving pig feed economic.This experimental study is divided into two parts:The first part: survey the feeding farmers which in different size in Shanxi Province,there are40in Guanzhong area,30households in Southern region,30households in NorthernShanxi area. The survey object divided by the size of breeding: Small-scale is the farmerswhich the sow herds less than100which has35family, Moderate-scale is the farmers whichthe sow herds in100-800which has50family,Large-scale is the farming enterprises whichthe sow herds more than800which has15.The survey found in that feeding costs,Piglet andfeed costs occupy the largest proportion of costs,more than80%of the total cost for the twoside.In labor force costs,the average of each pig cost highest in Small-scale pig farms,the costdecreases as the size increases,but the other cost appear a sharp rise trend with the increase ofthe size.In the survey of100farmers,in the average number of sows farrowing nest,12-14occupied the largest proportion and the each others’ percentage is24%,30%and18%.in bornalive index,the number mainly in9-12and the each others’ percentage is25%,28%,19%and16%,in weaning piglets index,the number focus in8-10and the each others’ percentage is25%,35%and20%.The research of sow reproductive status show that gilts not in estruscondition is so serious,scale farms exist a phenomenon that gilts’ first mate more early andunderweight.Firstborn lactating sows in lower feed intake,pig farms which less than5kgoccupy67.1%,sows which first born off fat more serious in lactating,farms which more than10kg occupy69.5%,Lactating sows’ daily feed intake is more higher,farms which more than 5kg occupy76.3%,but the weight loss of lactating sows is relatively large,farms which morethan10kg occupy61.7%.The pig farms which sows laughter number below16accounted for25%of the total research,17-19occupy36%.Overall,in Shanxi Province,the sow productionlevels are not high as the related official data said.Sows laughter numbers have a great impacton farm efficiency,when the number of pigs(each years of slaughter)is less than20,the profitsmargin of pig farms is less than10%.when the number of pigs(each years of slaughter)ismore than25,the profits margin of pig farms improved significantly.The second part: according to the current status of lactating sows excessive weight loss,the lactating sows set different feeding level, study the different effects of feeding levels onthe reproductive performance of sows. Experimental determination of the indexes includingsow backfat thickness, weight, piglets, sows days from weaning to oestrus of birth weight,weaning weight and the sow body condition of disease, reflecting the different feeding effecton reproductive performance of sows, the results show that, for the piglet weight gain,processing the experimental group A and group B were significantly the difference betweentwo groups (P=0.022<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the experimentalgroup A and experimental group B. To sow weight loss, the control group and theexperimental group have significant difference (P=0.047<0.05). But for this indicator sowoestrus interval, by the analysis of variance of each level were not significant. The feedinglevel on sow weight loss, weight gain of piglets was significantly affected.