The Research On Routing Protocols In Wireless Sensor Network

People now gradually notice that the physical space and the information space have beenclosely related with each other. The conception of ‘ubiquity’ is becoming increasingly prominent,and that will be an important feature in our future information society. As the significant carrier andsocial infrastructure in the future, ubiquitous network has caught a widespread attention. What ismore, wireless sensor network, as an well-known part of the ubiquitous network, is a self-organizedand multi-hopped network which is composed of a large number of stationary/moved sensors.Leach (low energy adaptive clustering algorithm hierarchical) protocol, which is widely used inwireless sensor networks, is a traditional clustering communication protocol.This thesis firstly introduces the basic conception of the ubiquitous network and the wirelesssensor network. The thesis differentiates the relationship between these two networks. Then we do abrief introduction on the research of existing routing protocols in the wireless sensor network,mainly in the comparison of their distinctive classifications. Secondly we give some introduction ofthe wireless sensor network (WSN). We also present some critical technology in the WSN,explaining the definition and architecture, analyzing the differences from the existing network,pointing out the restrictions of the sensor nodes and characteristics and the key performanceindicators in this network. Thirdly we focus on the structure of wireless sensor networks andintroduce the hierarchical structure of the sensor network, from the physical layer, data link layer,network layer, transport layer to the application layer, then we introduce the routing protocols in thenetwork layer in details, such as planar routing protocol and hierarchical routingprotocol.Then we compare and analyze three representative routing protocols (Flooding,DD,Leach)from the point of view of life span of the networks and simulate the expectation of the energydissipation. The last part is the main chapter of this thesis which introduces the basic ideas andenergy transfer model of traditional Leach protocol, discussing the three deficiencies of it and putforward corresponding measurements. In order to prolong the lifetime of the wireless sensornetwork and achieve the purpose of energy balance, we come up with a new optimal factor F. Theimpact of improved Leach protocol for the entire network life cycle is verified from three differentaspects through the simulation program of these improvements carried out on Matlab.