Energy-balanced Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Network technology is becoming mature, counting from thetime it raised, there is only a few decades. So far, it keeps the rapid momentum ofdevelopment. Wireless Sensor Network technology can maintain the momentumof vigorous development is caused by many reasons: First, it relates to manysubjects about research and it’s a comprehensive research; Second, withdevelopment of internet technology, communication technology and embeddedtechnology and other related hardware and software technology, wireless sensornetworks is also been greatly developed and enhanced in technology. Meanwhile,the wireless sensor network technology applications are also expanding, fromthe initial military to civilian, from the monitoring enemy invasion to applied tothe smart home, road traffic monitoring etc, which shows that the wireless sensornetwork technology has great potential for improvement in the future.However, The Wireless Sensor Network routing protocol is a very importantpart of the protocol, its performance quality directly determines the efficiency ofWireless Sensor Network, and energy balance is one of the most importantindicators to measure the performance of the entire network, so the research of ithas always been the focus of attention.At first, this article analyses routing protocol for wireless sensor networksand its development status of research, and proposed the necessity of energybalancing for routing protocols study, and then analyzes the characteristics of theexisting routing protocols and their application background, pointing outshortcomings of existing routing protocols. Finally, we ameliorate one of themost representative protocol—LEACH protocol, presented our own improvementprograms—LEACH-E protocol. The improved LEACH-E protocol optimizes theoriginal cluster heads selection algorithm to add two new constraints, the noderesidual energy, and the current number of rounds. In the first cycle, thealgorithms still uses the original LEACH protocol, but to the next cycle on theuse of new constraints to select the cluster heads, so choose the cluster heads aremore reasonable, the energy consumption of the entire network is also morebalanced.We use NS2as a network simulation platform to confirm routing protocolperformance by modifying the relevant C++class files, successfully added a newrouting protocol LEACH-E. Then write Otcl codes to call the related C++objectfor simulating, NS2simulation uses the trace file to record the generated data in the simulation process for analysis to verify inference correctness about thenumber on the optimal cluster heads nodes in the LEACH energy model and thefirst dead node’s time, meanwhile proved that the optimized algorithm LEACH-Eprotocol is indeed more reasonable than LEACH, the energy consumption is alsomore balanced, more in line with demand for wireless sensor networks.