Energy-Balanced Relaying Communication Protocol Based On Power And Distance Cooperation For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), which is made by convergence of Micro-Electro Mechanical technology, wireless communication, embedded technology and sensor technology, is a novel technology about acquiring and processing information. It's a late-model wireless networks of infrastructureless network composed of a large number of tiny sensor nodes that have the ability of communicating and computing and can implement the designed assignments, such as data gathering, aggregating and transmitting, in terms of environment. WSN is a large-scale distributed intelligent network application system with resource limited, and dynamic and variable network topology is self-organized as well as self-adapted. As a new research field of computer science and communication technology, WSN has expansive application foreground in national defense and every field of national economy, and has already drawn the more and more attention for the recent years.WSN focuses on the data information, and data transmitting is related with routing protocols. Routing technique is the key technique of WSN and one of the most important factors that affect the performance of the network. To improving the efficiency of routing protocols can establish the foundation for data aggregation, time-synchronizing and object- orientating. Because of the extraordinarily limited in resource both energy and bandwidth, the all-important aim of design of WSN is to reduce the overall energy dissipation of the network and maximize the network lifetime.Designing the routing protocols of WSN is the main part of this dissertation. This paper analyzes the hardware framework, the network protocol structure, different taxonomy and some existing routing protocols, and assimilates excellent idea among them to propose a new protocol, Energy Balanced Adaptive Clustering Hierarchical (EBACH). EBACH protocol inherits the means, such as self-organized, self-adapted and clustering from LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchical) protocol. Considering the shortage that large energy consumption caused by cluster heads directly communicate with base station. EBACH adds a new kind node, named relay node, besides cluster heads and cluster member nodes to balance energy consumed over the whole wireless sensor networks after synthetically computing the residual energy and distance to base station of sensor nodes. Meanwhile, a three-layer hierarchical architecture is put forward to improve the data transmitting process, which accords with the multi-hop transmitting principle to save energy.Finally, we realize and simulate EBACH routing protocol in NS2. Based on simulation result, we contrast EBACH and LEACH protocol: EBACH have the better performance in the lifetime of sensor networks, overload balanced and network stability. In a word, EBACH can make use of network resource more efficiently and grant the demand for stability of wireless sensor networks in complicated or execrable environment to obtain the good synthetically performance.