The Study On Clustering Algorithm For Wireless Sensor Networks Based On Leach Protocol

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a distributed network system composed of a large amount of micro-sensors, which are distributed in the area to be monitored and organized by themselves. It is generally used in the area or environment—where human being cannot or would not get in~to monitor the environmental parameters of interest. WSN transmits the data which is collected by sensors to remote observers. Then observers can analyze the data to get a view of the environment. WSN has a broad application prospect in the fields of scientific research, civilian and military affairs and so on.The limited and irreplaceable energy of the WSN nodes makes efficiently using node's energy a great important goal of WSN research. There has been a great deal of interrelated research. LEACH is the most famous protocol among them. The thought of clustering proposed by LEACH provides a significant way to the routing study of WSN. Unfortunately, these protocols do not properly figure out the problem of how to efficiently save nodes' energy.On the foundation of the analysis of the existing WSN communication protocols, this paper proposed a Clustering Algorithm based on Load-balance and Residual Energy for Wireless Sensor Network(CALRE),which makes a better improvement of LEACH, and gets a better result.In CALRE, nodes are described as near node or far node according to the distance to the Base Station (BS), near node communicates with BS by single hop while far node communicates with BS through near node by multiple hops. And set the maximum number of the cluster member for each cluster-set a different cluster size on the basis of the different distance to the BS—in order to make the near node and the far node consume energy synchronously and get load-balanced. And make the node which has the greatest residual energy become the new cluster head, so as to get less complicacy and less energy wastage.This paper makes simulation on both LEACH and CALRE protocols. Simulation results show that with a better cluster head election mechanism and a better cluster architecture, CALRE outperforms LEACH significantly and prolongs the network lifetime remarkably.