The Research Of Mathematics “Graphics And Geometry” Teaching Situation In Primary School

Mathematics is a kind of science studying quantitative relations and spatial forms. "Graphics and geometry" is one important part of primary and middle school mathematics curriculum, which play an irreplaceable role in cultivating students’ thinking abilities. But due to geometric abstraction, it is difficult for teachers to teach it and difficult for students to learn it as well.This research focuses on two questions. Firstly, to systematically find out teachers’ and students’ puzzlement in teaching and learning graphic reorganization,measurement, graphic movement and graphics and location as well as the current teaching status of graphics and geometry through investigation. Secondly, to analyze some critical questions in teaching and learning graphics and geometry and provide some teaching and learning suggestions based on the combination of theoretical foundation and teaching cases collected during the studying process. The main methods used in this study are as follows: the literature, questionnaire and survey,interview, classroom observation and case study. The main content of the research is:Firstly, there exist significant correlation between teachers’ puzzlement and their teaching years in teaching the graphic reorganization and measurement, but there exist no significant correlation between teachers’ puzzlement and their teaching years in teaching graphic movement and graphics and location. Secondly, teachers’ puzzlement of the graphic reorganization influences their puzzlement in teaching measurement, graphic movement, graphics and location. But the puzzlement in measurement does not affect the teaching of graphic movement. Thirdly, pupils havethe most difficulties in learning geometric concepts, such as perimeter, area, volume,surface area, etc.. Besides, they still have trouble in learning rotation, showing position with pair numbers and drawing three heights of a triangle and so on. The main methods used by the front-line teachers to help students overcome learning their difficulties are as follows: to introduce visual means in teaching concepts, to induce the relationships and differences between various concepts via comparison and analogy so as to promote positive transfer; to pay more attention to teach students how to think, how to experience and how to express in the process of organizing teaching activities and guide students to perceive learning methods of geometry and gradually learn how to learn on the basis of getting elementary activity experience.Then, main suggestions in teaching graphics and geometry include: first, to focus on students’ life experience and explore the practical background of the teaching content to help students themselves discover geometric graphs and their characteristics;moreover, to encourage students to experience observation, operation, imagination,reasoning and other activities for recognizing graphics and graphic features; besides,to let students experience different processes of measuring graphics and to understand basic elements of translation, rotation and axial symmetry through some activities and attach great importance to the understanding of graphics from different points of view;and finally, emphasize the application of multi-media in teaching.