| BackgroudThe incidence of injury was 15.6% among elderly people in China, which was 9.1% in the all kinds of injury. The case fatality rate of elderly injury was 303.5 in a hundred thousand. It was the fourth leading cause of death among elderly population. The elderly injury incidence, disability rate and case fatality rate increased year by year, which had become a serious social problem. It hindered the elderly people’s quality of life and the development of society. More and more countries realized the seriousness and urgency of carrying out prevention and control work for the elderly injury.ObjectivesTo understand the epidemiological characteristics of elderly injury outpatients in Tsingtao Economy & Technology Development Area from 2006 to 2012; To explore related factors with elderly injury intention, severity of injury, suicide/self-mutilation and death; To provide scientific prevention control strategies and measures for elderly injury.MethodsFrom 2006 to 2012, the elderly injury information which named National Injury Surveillance System was collected by 9 hospitals in 6 street agencies of Tsingtao Economy & Technology Development Area. Description epidemiology and epidemiological analysis were used to describe injury among the elderly population, area and time. The logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of self-mutilation/suicide, intentional injury (violent/attack), severity of injury and death.Results(1) The general situation:From 2006 to 2012, a total of 2152 elderly patients with injury were reported in Tsingtao Economy & Technology Development Area, including 1341 males and 811 females (the sex ratio of male to female was 1.65:1). There was a significant difference for sex proportion. The proportion of male elderly patients was higher than that of female patients. Most of this local people were 60 to 70 years old. Education was the elementary school or junior high school. The main group were house workers, the retired and transport equipment operators.(2) The information of injury events:The peak time of injury occurred was 7:00 to 11:00 and 14:00 to 20:00. The proportion was 42.5% and 38.0%. The peak months of the elderly injury were June to October, and the proportion was 54.8% in all. The main injury was fall, motor vehicle accidents and blunt injury; The main places that elderly injury occured were home, road/street and public places; Entertainment, housework/learning and others activities were the major activities when injury coccured; 90.1% injury was accident,5.6% injury was intentional, while 1% injury was autotomy/suicide.(3) Clinical information of injury:Most reasons of the elderly injury was sharp instrument injury/bite/open wound, contusions/abrasions and fracture. The positions of the injury were upper limbs, lower limbs and head.Most of the injury was mild. The second was moderate and severe.66.6% elderly injury outpatients went home after treatment.28.9% elderly injury outpatients needed to stay in hospital for observation, hospitalization or transfering to another hospital. While 4% elderly injury outpatients died.(4) Discussions of risk factors:Primary school education culture (OR=2.02, P<0.05), public housing place(OR=3.64, P<0.001) and other injury place (OR=3.98, P<0.001) were independent risk factors of elderly outpatient injury. Agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery water production personnel (OR=4.49, P=0.002) and retirees (OR=2.57,P=0.041) were independent risk factors of self-mutilation/suicide.The 75-year-old or older (OR=10.64, P=0.001), retirees (OR=7.05, P=0.008), afternoon(OR=1.35, P=0.027), motor vehicle accident (OR=3.51, P=0.001), fall (OR=2.13, P=0.004), knife/sharp instrument injury (OR=2.57, P=0.005), self-mutilation/suicide (OR=6.5, P=0.004), unclear injury intention (OR=2.79, P=0.003), fracture (OR=24.34, P<0.001), sharp instrument injury/bite/open wound (OR=1.53, P= 0.042), concussion/cerebral contusion(OR=5.96, P<0.001), other injury (OR=8.99, P<0.001), head injury (OR= 2.34, P<0.001), multiple-site injury (OR=4.53, P< 0.001) and other body parts of injury (OR=4.09, P<0.001) were the independent risk factors of severe injury.Female (OR=2.39, P=0.021), nonlocal register (OR=7.1, P<0.001), middle school education (OR=0.44, P=0.037), farmer (OR=51.23, P<0.001), retirees (OR= 4.58, P= 0.002), morning (OR= 5.73, P=0.001), public place of residence (or= 4.64, P= 0.023), fracture (OR= 0.27, P=0.016), concussion/cerebral contusion (OR=32.47, P<0.001), multiple-sites injury (OR=7.34,P<0.001) were the independent risk factors of death.ConclusionsMale, who with low education,at house,retiree were high risk of elderly injury. 7:00-11:00 and 14:00-20:00, June to October were the peak time of injury. Fall/motor vehicle accident were the main reasons for injury. Home, highway/street and public housing were the main places of injury. Primary school education or lower educated people who in public places had the more chance to be injured.Farmers and retirees had the high risk of self mutilation and suicide. Elderly people more than 75 years old, retiree, in the afternoon, motor vehicle accident injury, falling down, knife/sharp injury, self mutilation/suicide, fracture, sharp instrument injury/bite/open injury and concussion/cerebral contusion, multiple-site injury easily leaded to severe injury. Femal, nonresident, junior high school education, farmer, retiree, in the morning, public housing injury, concussion/cerebral contusion, and multiple-parts injury were more likely to cause death. For different gender, age, household registration, occupation elderly population, we need to take differenct prevention and control strategies in order to prevent elderly injury. |
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