Effect Of Positve Psychology Learning On The Subjective Well-being Of Nurses

ObjectiveTo investigate the level and factors of subjective well-being of nurses from a first class tertiary comprehensive hospital in Shanghai; To explore the effect of positive psychology learning on nurses’subjective well-being.MethodThis study includes two stages.The first stage:A cross-sectional study was carried out in this stage to investigate nurses’subjective well-being and social support in the hospital.The survey was conducted in a first class tertiary comprehensive hospital in Shanghai.776 participants were interviewed by questionnaires including self-designed General Condition Questionnaire, General well-being scale (GWB) (Chinese version) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS).The data was analyzed by SPSS 16.0. The relationship between the demographic variables, social support and the nurses’subjective well-being was analyzed through independent samples t-test, one-way AVOVA, Pearson correlation analysis and multivariate stepwise regression analysis.The second stage:A quasi-experimental study was conducted in this stage.86 nurses was randomly selected to participate in the study and informed consent were signed.The participants received an intervention of positive psychology studying for 24 weeks(6 months)and were interviewed by questionnaires including self-designed General Condition Questionnaire, General well-being scale (GWB) (Chinese version) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) pre, post and 1 month after intervention. The GWB and SSRS scores changes were compared by the t-test and the repeated-measure ANOVA.Results1. The investigation results indicated that:(1) The means of nurses’GWB score were 70.30±13.64. Six dimensions, which include worrying about health, energy, life satisfaction and interests, depression, control of the emotions and behavior, and tension, score respectively 7.08±2.83, 14.94±4.48,5.60±1.69,14.70±3.48,]2.92±2.21 and 14.96±4.16.(2) The nurses’SSRS score were 36.41±6.51.Three dimensions, which include subjective support, objective support and exploitation degree of social support, score respectively 20.65±4.41,8.07±2.43 and 7.70±1.69.(3) The results of independent sample t-test and one-way AVOVA analysis indicated that nurses with different age, nursing age, fertility status and negative events have statistically differences in subjective well-being (P<0.05).The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that there is positive correlativity between SSRS score and its three dimensions and nurses’subjective well-being (P<0.05).(4) The results of multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that four factors, which were social support, fertility status, negative events, and age, stepped into the regression equation of the SWB scores. Age and social support are positively correlated with the nurses’happiness. Fertility status,negative events and nurses’happiness is a negative correlation relationship.2. The intervention of positive psychology learning:(1) The scores of GWB and each dimension post-intervention were higher than those pre-intervention. Among them, SWB scores and scores of four dimensions,which include energy, life satisfaction and interests, depression and intension, had statistically differences pre-and post-the intervention(P<0.05).The SWB score and scores of four dimensions had no statistically differences after the intervention and 1 month later (P>0.05).It means that the effect of intervention still lasts 1 month after it.(2) The scores of SSRS and each dimension post-intervention were higher than those pre-intervention. Among them, SSRS scores and scores of two dimensions,which include subjective support and objective support,had statistically differences pre-and post-the intervention (P<0.05).The SSRS score and scores of two dimensions,which include objective support and exploitation degree of social support, had no statistically differences after the intervention and 1 month later(P>0.05).And 1 months after the intervention, the score of subjective support was lower than post- the intervention, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion1. The nurses’subjective well-being is in the medium level, there is room for further improvement.2. Age, fertility status, negative event and social support are factors of the nurses’subjective well-being.The age and social support are positively correlated with the nurses’happiness. Fertility status,negative events and nurses’happiness is a negative correlation relationship.3. The level of nurses’subjective well-being and social support are statistically improved by the intervention of positive psychology learning.