| BackgroundDiabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia which is caused by genetic factors,environmental factors and other factors working together.With the change of diet structure,the improvement of living standard and the aging of population,the incidence of the disease is increasing year by year and it has caused enormous society and economy burden.The main clinical symptoms of diabetes mellitus are “a little more than three”,namely,polyuria,polydipsia,polyphagia and weight loss.Due to its treatment is a big project which needs a set of drugs,diet,exercise therapy,blood glucose monitoring and health education,coupled with more complications and the complexity of the disease,the patients bear great psychological pressure for a long time which is very easy to cause all kinds of psychological problems that anxiety and depression are most common resulting in happiness level generally decreased,quality of life overall declined and comprehensive rehabilitation influenced seriously of patients.ObjectiveTo investigate the status of anxiety,depression and subjective well being in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and analyze their influencing factors;To explore the effect of psychological nursing based on the theory of positive psychology on anxiety,depression and subjective well being in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to provide reference for the improvement of the psychological nursing methods of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods1 The status and influencing factors of anxiety,depression and subjective well-being were evaluated by self-rated anxiety scale,self-rated depression scale and general well-being schedule among 166 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus form the department of endocrinology in three grades hospital of a city by the purpose sampling method.2 Psychological nursing measures based on the theory of positive psychology were determined by current situation survey,referring to relevant literature and experts opinions.The 110 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of the survey who met the inclusion criterion were randomly divided into intervention group and control group.The control group received only routine nursing.The intervention group received psychological nursing based on the theory of positive psychology on the basis of routine nursing including the main contents: three good deeds,expressing gratitude,playing their strength,enriching the life practice etc and were given the psychological nursing for face-to-face during hospitalization and telephone intervention after discharge.The intervention time was 5 weeks with once a week and 30~40 minutes for each time.After intervention,the anxiety,depression and subjective well being of two groups were assessed with general data questionnaire,self-rated anxiety scale,self-rated depression scale and general well-being schedule to test the effectiveness of the psychological nursing.3 The statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS17.0.T test,Chi-square test,Pearson correlation analysis,rank sum test,One-Way ANOVA,stepwise multiple regression analysis were used to analyse the data.Results 1 The state of anxiety,depression,and subjective well-being in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusAmong the 166 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,58(34.9%)patients suffering from anxiety,among which 42(26.5%)patients suffered from mild anxiety,13(7.8%)patients suffered from moderate anxiety and 1(0.6%)patients suffered from severe anxiety,the anxiety total raw score(36.09±8.13)was higher than the Chinese norm which showed there was significant difference(P<0.05);Besides,for all these patients,94(56.6%)patients suffering from depression,among which 53(31.3%)patients suffered from mild depression and 38(22.9%)patients suffered from moderate depression and 4(2.4%)patients suffered from severe depression,the depression total raw score(42.37±9.17)was higher than the Chinese norm which showed there was significant difference(P<0.05);male patients(78.88±13.62)was slightly higher than the Chinese norm on the score of subjective well being which showed there was significant difference(P<0.05)and there was no significant difference(P>0.05)between the female(73.89±13.66)and the Chinese norm.2 influencing factors of anxiety,depression and subjective well-being in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusBy One-Way ANOVA,the score of anxiety had significant difference between different gender,education level,occupation,monthly income per person,complication,depression,subjective well-being(P < 0.05);The score of depression had significant difference between different educational level,occupation,monthly income per person,anxiety,subjective well-being(P<0.05);The score of subjective well-being had significant difference between different gender,educational level,monthly income per person,medical insurance,complication,anxiety,depression(P < 0.05).By stepwise multiple regression analysis,depression,subjective well-being and complication entered the regression equation of the score of anxiety as the dependent variable which could explain 59.6%of its variance;anxiety,occupation and monthly income per person entered the regression equation of the score of depression as the dependent variable which could explain 52.2%of its variance;anxiety entered the regression equation of the score of subjective well being as the dependent variable which could explain 41.4 percent of its variance.3 The intervention effect of psychological nursing based on the theory of positive psychology on anxiety,depression and subjective well being for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusBefore the intervention,the intervention group and the control group had no significant difference(P>0.05)on the scores of anxiety,depression and subjective well-being;After the intervention,the intervention group and the control group had significant difference(P<0.05)on the scores of anxiety,depression and subjective well-being;Before and after intervention,the scores of anxiety,depression,subjective well being of the intervention group had significant difference(P<0.05),the scores of anxiety,depression,subjective well being of the control group had no significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusions1 Compared with the Chinese norm,the levels of anxiety,depression of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were higher and male were slightly higher on the level of subjective well-being and female had no significant difference.The main influencing factors of anxiety and depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were subjective well-being,complication,monthly income per person and occupation;The influential main factors of subjective well-being was anxiety.2 Psychological nursing based on the theory of positive psychology could effectively reduce the anxiety,depression and improve the subjective well-being of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. |
PDF Full Text Request