Research On The Design Of Residential Building Under The Background Of Population Aging

As the population aging becomes more and more serious in China, it begins to affect the social development. Home-based care services are a major endowment mode for the aged in line with the traditionalthinking. The Government has developed an endowment policy of "grounded on home-based care services, supported by community care services and supplemented by institutional care services". Such endowment mode not only meets the physiological and psychological demands of the elders, but also conforms to the current national conditions in China. Therefore, it’s an urgent task for us to explore a complete set of home-based care services mode in accordance with the current situation in China.As China enters the aging society at a fast speed, institutional care services can no longer meet the demands of the growing aging population. In the meantime, both the existing ordinary communities and the new communities under construction do not take into account the elders’ demand of home-based care services in the future. Ideal residential buildings for the aged should allow free and independent life of the elders and are able to offer help to them when necessary.In this paper, by analyzing the physiological, psychological and behavioral characteristics of the elders, and combining the residential buildings for the aged and the environmental psychology, the influence of building environment on the elders is dissected and the habitability of the indoor and outdoor spaces of the residential buildings for the aged is explored. From the perspectives of functional partition, barrier free design and safety, the elders’ living needs and the deficiencies in residential space are expounded by means of questionnaire survey and field research. Specifically, the diverse indoor designs like space design, house layout, safety functions, transport links, vertical transportation design and floor design, as well as the outdoor security measure designs like rehabilitation design and barrier-free facilities design, are detailed to meet the individual differences and diverse living needs of different elders. Furthermore, the author proposes to carry out elderly-oriented design of the residential space, increase medical devices for the elders and offer them targeted delicate care, especially the integrated community supporting facilities that meet the social interaction needs of the elders.Considering that the elders are more dependent on their children and are reluctant to leave the familiar living environment, this study combines the theories of Architecture, Psychology and Elderly Behavior to provide some new design methods and ideas for the mode of home-based care services for the aged. The home-based care services within communities designed for residents of all ages are proposed. Thus, the elders can continue to stay in the familiar living environment and keep close contacts with their children to secure a happy life in their old age. They enjoy both the home-based care services and the care offered by the society. This endowment mode not only conforms to the national conditions in China, but also meets with the elders’ real needs to the greatest extent.