Research On Micro Elderly Facilities Reconstructed From Existing City Dwellings

Currently, the aging population is growing rapidly and distributed unevenly in Beijing where the aging population is centered in city heartland and the number of elders who need elderly facilities continues to increase. At present, the total and scale of elderly institutions in the whole city are inadequate, and there are more elderly institutions in outskirts than those in city heartland, which is unreasonably just the reverse of the distribution of the aged and makes it urgent to solve the aging problem in city heartland. As it shows in the guiding policy for the development of elderly institutions launched by the government in Beijing in recent years, the government is orientating its original unreasonable development direction and trying to support private institutions and guide elderly facilities to develop on a micro and community basis. However, as it has been developed in high density over the years, the city heartland has little room for the new elderly facilities, which are restricted in scale and distribution and cannot cover many areas with serious aging problems and meet the requirement for the aged people. Therefore, it goes without saying that we must make up the shortage of the new community elderly facilities in other ways.Based on this background and the aging situation in Beijing, this paper targets the micro elderly facilities which are reconstructed from the existing city dwellings in recent years as its object of study. This type of facilities, reconstructed from the rented common city dwellings, have the features of flexible site selection, low construction cost, mirroring regional demand, small scale and seemingly homelike vibe. In this way, the elders can lead a “convenient and within community” life with attentive care in their familiar areas. This type of facilities has its own advantages over other community counterparts in such aspects as saving the construction land for the elderly facilities, making up the deficiency of elder care in certain areas, providing more comfortable lives for old people and so on, which has offered an effective model for solving the aging problems in city heartland of Beijing. By means of literature research, questionnaire survey, practical investigation, graphic analysis, classification and summary and other methods, this paper studies in detail the function design, house selecting and reconstruction design of the facilities.First of all, this paper decides its study object and research significance through the background research. Then, it decides its research content and methodology. Next, it investigates the social demand for this kind of facilities according to the opinion poll of residents; it conducts in-depth practical research on three typical elderly facilities reconstructed from existing city dwellings in Beijing and analyzes and summarizes their reconstruction design methods and present design defects and puts forward the problems to be solved. After that, it studies the proposed problems by graphic analysis and explores the layout design and area size limit of each functional space of study object. On this basis and in combination with the practical investigation status and advanced design methods at home and abroad, it explores and presents a set of key points of design including facility location, house selection, area size, functional layout, reconstruction design method and analysis of advantages and disadvantages, attempting to propose improvement suggestions for the possible problems in the development of this type of facilities both at present and in the future.