Design Strategies Of The Collective Housing Morphology In Historical Contexts

Discussion of the relationship between architecture and urban historical context have long been a focus in the field of architecture and urban design, it can be traced back to the earliest quotation of the 15 th century Renaissance architect Leon Battista Alberti as "a house as a town, a town as a house." Residential building as an important carrier of urban space and structure, it forms the basic units of streets, communities as the foundation of the city organization fabric, and with the accumulation of time, it not only bear the lasting urban physical forms, but also regarded as living space with spiritual significances.Congregated dwellings as a typed of residential buildings, have the characters of intensive utilization of land, providing a large number of residential units, play an important role in the process of urban modernization around the world.And the research of congregated dwellings has become more and more important in our country, in the background of surprisingly rapid urbanization and high-density construction.As the emerging of 1960 s criticism and reflection on the modern architecture movement, some architects began to tentatively design congregated housing project as a whole, to explore its relationship with the surrounding urban context and environment.This kind of design method basing on the external urban context and environment, making the congregated housing to become some positive urban space form factors, had great significance to recovering life scenes in historical environment and to the continued development of urban historical context.This dissertation is going to study the morphogenesis of congregated dwellings, starting with the relationship between congregated dwellings and the surrounding urban context and environment.Then this study will classify some theories about architecture and urban environment through timeline, along with some comparative cases studies in different urban environments, in order to form a rational value criteria for congregated dwellings with their urban fabrics, contexts and culture characteristics. The methodology of this study is to start with the discussion of both internal experience and external vision of buildings, in order to study combination of volumes and composition of space to conclude a general theory. Hope this study can help the practice of designing congregated dwellings.