The Development Trace Of Henan Modern Press Industry (1904-1913)

The born of Henan Communiqué is the begging of Henan modern press industry.Subsequently, various kinds of newspaper and magazine are gradually founded.According to the founder, they can be divided into four kinds: Communiqué hostedby government, Organ by the Kuomintang, newspaper by Henan students who studiedin Japanese and private newspaper. But according to the theme, they includecomprehensive journals and professional journals. They also can be classifiedas daily newspaper, weekly magazine, semimonthly and monthly magazine based onthe publish cycle. Besides founding large amounts of newspapers and magazines,people of Henan press industry organized a series of news transmission activities,such as the establishment of office to read newspapers and schools, to advocatethe new knowledge and new ideas.During the revolution of1911, Henan students who studied in Japanese foundedmagazines like Yu Bao, He Nan and so on to cooperate with the bourgeoisies topropagandize their democracy and republicanism. Standing in the status ofChinese Revolution League with Sun Yat-sen as leader, Yu Bao embodied therevolutionary bourgeoisies’ require to found a democratic republic country.He Nan magazine made preparation for the revolution of1911from the aspect ofpublic opinion and cadre by criticizing Feudal Monarchy and the corrupt practiceof government in Qing Dynasty sharply, and proposing the establishment of countryfor civils and armed violent revolution, and even putting forward the assumeto found revolution forces in the masses of people vaguely.Gui Chou press disaster refers to the disaster in1913as Yuan Shih-kaigovernment suppressed the development of press, which caused journalistsmurdered or arrested and the press industry depressed. It is also the disasterfor modern press industry in Henan, for example, Freedom Newspaper in Kaifeng,founded in June30th of1912, is the victim of Gui Chou disaster. Since Freedom Newspaper exposed and criticized Yuan Shih-kai’s restoration plot as well asZhang Zhenfang’s, the procurator of Henan, evil behavior with sharp words, ZhangZhenfang hate its strong arguments so much that he sealed up it forcefully inJanuary19th of1913. Besides Freedom Newspaper, Dazhong Daily, Kaifeng PeopleNewspaper and so on all fought fiercely with Yuan reactionary force. Ao Shouchan,the editor of Kaifeng People Newspaper, is the first people murdered by Yuanforce as he wrote the mourning song for Song Jiaoren.There are almost30kinds of press in Henan known to people from the firstmodern newspaper--Henan Communiqué born in1904to the Gui Chou disaster in1913. All these valuable press record the circumstances of social developmentin Henan, especially the effort on fighting with Yuan reactionary force, whichbecomes abundant historical data for professors and the most valuable spiritualtreasure in the process of Henan press industry.