Research Longjing Village Livelihood Practice Allosaurus Lake Environmental Changes Background

Yilonghu Lake is one of eight plateau lakes of Yunnan province. Villagers who living near the lake developed a livelihood pattern which adapted to the water environment. Especially for Longjing Village which livelihood strongly depends on the water environment by its special geographical conditions.As a village formed by fisher folks, fishing is the main method of livelihood for villagers of Longjing and the fishing skill inherited by generations and still in use. Except fishing, villagers also use of limited land in agricultural production. The lives of villagers all around the lake before water environment change. Both fisheries, skills of agricultural production or the living pattern and the division of labor can not be ignored the impact of water environment. Effects from water environment by two major human activities also makes the villagers constantly adjust livelihood methods to adapt to changes in the water environment:In1971Qingyuwan tunnel made fishing took the dominant place by farming. And villagers face a new crisis of survival by water pollution and the restriction of government behavior of pollution control since nineteen eighties.Like the villagers’practice and local government methods, small community and large scale society showed obvious difference in practice of adjustment and adaption of water environment:During the water environment changing, villagers can understand the characters of change earlier and adjust or adapt it more quickly. But local governments could not fully understood the consequence by transform the water environment. And its measures to recover water environment also reflects hysteresis and one-sidedness. Finally the confrontation emerged between the practice of government to recover water environment and the adoption of villagers. As the management objects, villagers just could sacrifice their own interests to meet the practice of government.This dissertation is composed by seven chapters. In the introduction, author introduced the major questions and theoretical foundations, described the interactive relationship of ecological environment and methods of livelihood. Second part is talking about the fundamental situation of Longjing Village and Yilonghu Lake. Third and fourth part around the Qingyuwan Tunnel to writing choose the built of tunnel as the time point. Third part mainly introduced the water environment acknowledgement of villagers and their traditional livelihood pattern which connected with water environment before tunnel built. Fourth part pay more attention to introduce the water environment change which caused by tunnel and the adjustment and adoption of villagers. The fifth part introduces the practice and compromise by villagers for governments’water pollution control pay more attention to the contradiction and conflict between government and villagers practice. The sixth part is the conclution, contains the author’s thinking for the problem of adjustment and adoption of environment between large-scale social and small community. The seventh part is the summary.Above all, author tries to exhibit the bias of acknowledgement and practice which comes from people who belongs to different groups and levels. On the one hand, this research findings could use to explain the phenomenon of another village which at the side of Yilonghu Lake. On the other hand, the author combined the overall analysis and "deep description" together, attaches equal importance to detail description and theoretical analysis.