Survey On Poor Eyesight Status And Its Influencing Factors Among Urban Primary And Secondary School Students In Jilin Province

BackgroundThe poor eyesight refers to visual acuity of the one of the left and right eye less than5.0,including refractive errors(myopia,hyperopia and astigmatism,etc), amblyopia, and variouskinds of eye diseases, myopia which accounted for more than98percent of all poor eyesight.The poor eyesight has seriously affected the students’ learning, life and employment, hinderingthe all-round development of students’ comprehensive quality and improve. The cause of pooreyesight is very complicated, generally considered to be the synthetical result of genetic andenvironmental factors. In recent years, the poor eyesight prevalence of our country teenagers isstubbornly high, and increases year by year. The2010National Student Fitness and healthsurvey results show that the prevalence rate of Urban poor eyesight pupils aged7to12is48.8%, the prevalence rate of junior high school students aged13to15is75.9%, and theprevalence rate of senior high school students aged16to18is79.2%. However, facing theacademic pressure and the large amplitude with the eyes, America students9.8%myopia ratewas significantly lower than Chinese students88.5%super high myopia rate, The ultra-lowmyopia of3.4%in Canada, which became the best country of student vision. The poor eyesightis one of the main factors to damage the eyesight of students health, which has become a publichealth issue of great concern of the whole society. Good visual function is a prerequisite forprimary and middle school students smoothly activities, effective measures should be taken todo comprehensive intervention for protecting eyesight and preventing the the poor eyesight. ObjectiveTo investigate poor eyesight condition and influence factors among primary and middleschool students in city of JiLin province. To study and formulate health intervention measures,for promoting the students to develop good eye health habits, enhancing the self health careconsciousness and ability, Providing a theoretical basis for advocating the schools to establishand improve the health monitoring system including Student vision detection system, In orderto effectively reduce the incidence rate of poor eyesight among students and improve the healthof children and adolescents.MethodsUsing multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method to investigate18252primaryand middle school students involving3～6grade primary school students and1～2gradejunior high school students of20primary and middle schools in9city, state and ChangbaiMountain Administrative Committee, Jilin Province,where we choose one primary school andone middle school, in a self-administered questionnaire survey, and do vision measurement.Through investigating poor eyesight condition and influence factors among primary andmiddle school students in city of JiLin province, We can do epidemiological study based on themastery of the basic information. Using Epidata3.0to double entry of data correction, UsingSPSS13.0statistical software for statistical analysis.Results1.the poor eyesight prevalence of primary and middle school students in City of JiLinProvince was68.2%,among which the mild, moderate and severe was12.9%,33.5%and53.5%in turn.2.different gender, different ages, different grade levels, and different areas show variedprevalence, There were significantly statistical differences between them (P<0.05). The pooreyesight prevalence rate in girls(72.3%)was higher than that in boys(64.4%), With the increaseof the grades, The poor eyesight prevalence rate of primary and middle school students wasarising, among which the mild was reducing and the severe was increasing. The poor eyesightprevalence rate of the8-year-old students was54.0%, among which the mild, moderate andsevere was27.0%,43.0%,30.0%; The15year old students’ poor eyesight rate increased to 79.9%, among which the mild,moderate and severe was7.1%,30.5%,62.4%. The pooreyesight prevalence rate of Primary school grade three, four, five, six was50.5%,57.3%,65.7%and69.6%in turn, Junior high school grade one, twowas77.8%,82.4%.3.The age of the poor eyesight prevalence rate of primary and middle school studentswas being ahead of time.4.3%of the students in pre-school has poor eyesight;78.6%of thestudents has poor eyesight in the primary school stage.among which the poor eyesightprevalence rate of grade three, four, five was relatively high, respectively accounted for16.3%,18.5%,17.1%.17.1%of the students occurred poor eyesight in junior high school.4.Part of primary and middle school students’ understanding of their visual acuity is notclear,27.2%of students makes cognitive mistakes about their visual acuity. The cognition ontheir own vision of9.9%normal vision students didn’t match the actual test results.35.2%ofpoor eyesight students thought that their vision was normal, or didn’t know anything.5.Bad eyes using behavior existed primary and middle school students universally.37.3%of students had the habit of lying down reading a book,36.3%of students still read and wrotewhile recess,74.5%of students’ distance between the eyes and books was less than30cm,70.4%of students of the average daily homework time was more than one hour,59.4%ofstudents couldn’t sleep more than eights hours,45.1%of students didn’t do exercise more thanone hour everyday,43.6%of students didn’t insist on doing eye exercises.6.Through univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors of pooreyesight of students according to the strength of relationships are genetic, grade, gender, lyingdown reading habits, still read and write while recess, don’t insist on doing eye exercises, thedistance between the eyes and books is less than30cm, the average daily homework time morethan one hour, the average daily amount of exercise less than one hour, watching TV andplaying computer games for one hour without rest for half an hour.Conclusions1.The poor eyesight prevalence rate of primary and middle school students aged8to15isat a higher level in the city of JiLin Province, There are significantly statistical differencesbetween areas, gender, ages and grade. 2.The risk factors of poor eyesight of students are genetic, grade,gender,the bad behaviorsof using eyes (including lying down reading habits, still read and write while recess, thedistance between the eyes and books is less than30cm, Don’t insist on doing eye exercises andthe average daily homework time more than1hour), the average daily amount of exercise lessthan1hours, desks and chairs are too high.3.Prevention of poor eyesight among students must be sponsored jointly by the society,schools, families, students,vision management measures should be forcibly taken to do thecomprehensive behavior intervention as soon as possible for Cultivating students to form thegood habit of using eyes and living habits, which has a positive significance to prevent pooreyesight development of adolescents.