| Objective:Y chromosome is the male sex chromosome-specific, and its non-recombinant region mutations can occur intact to the next generation. The distribution of genetic markers Y-SNP on the Y chromosome, is concerned by forensic areas, because of its huge number in the genome, low distributed frequent mutation rate, dimorphic genetic markers, and easily automated testing. The Y chromosome consortium based on known SNPs amended the Y chromosome phylogenetic tree in2008. This tree contained311different Y chromosome haplogroups,599biallelic markers, and is to provide a basis for research in various fields.This topic is based on the Y chromosome phylogenetic tree, to get the trunk SNP loci of the Y chromosome phylogenetic tree in Yunnan Han male population’s distribution and genetic data like frequency, and to build the basic DNA database of Y-SNP in Yunnan Han population of male for forensic science application.Methods:Consist voluntary informed consent and strict accordance with access standards (male individuals, within three generations are Yunnan Han, unrelated), collected500cases’peripheral blood5ml of Yunnan Han individuals in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College. After adding EDTA for anticoagulant, DNA was extracted by saturated phenol-chloroform method. Genotypes were examined by SNaPshot. Statistical analysis were performed on SPSS17.0.Results:Constructing two fluorescent multiplex PCR systems for12Y-SNP detection. In500samples we detected out7haplogroups C, D, J, N, O, Q and R. The frequency of haplogroup O is83.2%, as the main distribution Yunnan Han haplogroups. Haplogroup N and C belong to moderate frequency distribution haplogroups. Haplogroup Q, R, D and J share frequency not more than2%. Eight Y-SNPs in Yunnan Han population have genetic polymorphism, the frequency range of gene diversity is0.0080-0.2801. In500male samples7haplotypes were detected, and haplotype diversity is0.3002.Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were done among10Yunnan ethnic populations and Yunnan Han population with software SPSS17.0. Principal component analysis revealed that Yunnan Han had a closer relationship with Yunnan Bai, Yunnan Lisu, Yunnan Jingpo, and Yunnan De’ang, especially with Yunnan Bai, farthest relationship with Yunnan Han and Yunnan Hui, Yunnan Miao, and farther relationship with Yunnan Wa, Yunnan Naxi, Yunnan Dai and Yunnan Blang. Cluster analysis showed that Yunnan Han, Yunnan Bai, Yunnan Jingpo, Yunnan Lisu, Yunnan Deang, and Yunnan Dai clustered into one category. Yunnan Han is closer with Yunnan Bai especially, and farther with Yunnan Bulang, Yunnan Miao, Yunnan Wa, Yunnan Naxi and Yunnan Hui.Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were done among different Han populations in different areas of China. Principal component analysis showed that Han populations scattered in the diagram, southern Han gathered at the diagram on the left area, northern Han on the right area, and the distribution of northern Han is more dispersed than in the south. Cluster analysis showed that, in addition to Shanghai Han, Southern Han and Northern Han populations were divided into two categories. Shanghai Han gathered to northern Han, and the relationship between the North Han populations is farther than the South Han populations.Conclusion:Pick male Han population in Yunnan as the research object, and select12Y-SNP on trunk branch of Y chromosome phylogenetic tree for study. To provide the data for basic DNA database of Y-SNP, and lay the foundation for forensic science application. |
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