Key Technology Research Of Aboveground And Underground Integrated Modeling Based On ArcGIS Engine

The Compilation of three-dimensional geologic map is an important part of the construction of the Glass Earth. The previous three-dimensional geological maps are the expansion of the two-dimensional digital geological map in Z-axis on the use of digital terrain model (DEM), And then with Digital Orthophoto (DOM) overlay, which formed the so-called "2.5D" model. Since this model does not contain a true three-dimensional attribute information and spatial information, it shows obvious limitations in Spatial query, spatial analysis and spatial decision.With rich content and complex structure, the Three-dimensional geologic map Mainly service for the exploration and exploitation of mineral resources and energy, the evaluation of engineering geological investigation, geological hazards survey control, the city and its utilization of underground space. Prepared to achieve the above and below ground the integration of the3D object modeling and expression of the three-dimensional geological maps, will not only improve the visual and image of the geological map, and can make it with three-dimensional analysis. However,the research and development of real three-dimensional geological map compilation system need to be addressed above and below ground space integrated modeling and massive multi-source heterogeneous data conversion and integration, and has completely different characteristics of the media space and geographic space stitching and aggregation problem.The best way to achieve Massive multi-source heterogeneous data transformation and integration, as well as the stitching and aggregation of geology-geographical space is directly use a geological information system with true three-dimensional characteristics, to do the above and below ground space integrated modeling. However,the national science and technology support projects which this study relies on,have been selected ArcGIS as a spatial data management and operating platform, This article can only be on the basis of this platform for exploratory research and development with learning from previous integrated modeling ideas.The research idea is Select an appropriate3D data model,then do the modeling of topography, ground and underground space object,and integrate each other kind model through specific approach, Thus achieving the seamless integration of space above and below ground,and do the research and development of three-dimensional geological mapping software combined with the actual needs of the Geological Survey of Three Gorges Reservoir Area Disaster Geological Prospecting and Nanjing city.The development process of this software is:First carefully studied the existing three-dimensional data model and the spatial modeling approach, were analyzed and classified to the above and below ground space object,then design above and below ground space integration of the database model and its corresponding database prototype with UML modeling tool based on the Geodatabase Data Model,Then, based on this data model, Respectively, TIN and Grid method, automatic modeling and hand modeling combined method, Stretch" method of the multilayer TIN surface are used to realize the Surface landform modeling, the ground object modeling, underground geological modeling. At the same time, design a model of integration between the program algorithm and developed the prototype of the integrated modeling of the above and below ground and three-dimensional geological charts system. Finally, the Three Gorges Reservoir Area Disaster Geological Survey data and Nanjing city geological survey data are used to test the rationality and feasibility of the system.This research mainly include the following aspects:1) Summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of surface model, body model, hybrid model in the existing three-dimensional data model. Do the analysis of Geodatabase data model and its three-dimensional data format Multipatch.2) Start from both geographic space and geological space, with full understanding of the existing three-dimensional modeling, find out the difficulty of the integrated modeling of the above and below ground and its key technologies, design the overall structure of the modeling system.3) On the basis of distribution characteristics and attributes the characteristics of the full analysis of the three-dimensional object space above and below ground, Using UML and CASE modeling tools, Design above and below ground integrated database prototype based on the Geodatabase data model, describe the composition and hierarchy of the various types of objects..4) with Contour lines and elevation points for the data source, using the TIN method and Grid format terrain model, and texture mapping techniques DOM image superimposed on the terrain model, establish a realistic model of the surface, On the basis of existing GIS data, with three-dimensional symbol and automatic modeling method to build their three-dimensional model on the simple rules of surface features, Complex surface features using manual modeling methods to achieve their three-dimensional model, Amended and the boundary of the surface features of the terrain model, Ensured the seamless integration of surface features models and terrain models, Drilling as the main data source, Comprehensive profiles and expert knowledge, Using three-dimensional modeling of the underground geological structure of the "stretch" method based on multi-TIN Surface,for the topographic data participates in the modeling of the subsurface geological structure, Therefore, to achieve the integration of surface models and subsurface model..5) According to the ideas of the integrated modeling of the above and below ground, based on the idea of object-oriented, designed the architecture of above and below ground3D integrated modeling system. With ESRI’s ArcGIS Engine components, Developed above and below ground integrated modeling and three-dimensional geological map compilation system prototype, using the C#language. NET-based platform, realized the3D visualization and calculating query, split, roaming and other spatial analysis function on the three-dimensional geological map. Instance Verify that the application results show that Above and below ground integrated modeling techniques and three-dimensional geological map compilation system in this article Significantly the effectiveness and practicality with comlete data, This way of thinking for three-dimensional geological map compilation is of some feasibility. The innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in:1) design the database model of the ground-underground, geology-geography, property-space integration with UML modeling tools based on Geodatabase.2) In the idea of above and below ground integrated modeling, developed a prototype of the true three-dimensional geological map compilation system which has visualization of spatial query and spatial analysis functions,the developed language is c#.