Genetic Diversity And Preservation Measures For Germplasm Resources Of Musk Deer In China

Musk deer is a national first rank key protected species in China. Its population drastically reduced, and it is impotant that strengthen protection. MtDNA control region of82samples of the musk deers were sequenced. The length of931bp were obtained. There were31haplotypes among41samples for musk deer in China. All of them were the low frequency haplotypes. There were47variation sites, which accounted for4.40%of the segments. Among them, there were12single polymorphism sites accounted for1.29%and35parsimony informative sites accounted for3.76%. Haplotype polymorphism (h) for the population was0.976. Nucleotide diversity for the population was0.00836. Average number of nucleotide differences was7.715. There were30haplotypes among41samples for musk deer in Russian as controls. All of them were the low frequency haplotypes, too. There were59variation sites, which accounted for6.34%of the segments. Among them, there were6single polymorphism sites accounted for0.64%and53parsimony informative sites accounted for5.70%. Haplotype polymorphism (h) for Russian population was0.977. Nucleotide diversity for Russian population was0.01417. Average number of nucleotide differences was13.049. According to analysis, haplotype diversity of the musk deer in China and the Russian was similar. But the average number of nucleotide differences in China was much lower than that in the Russian. Russian musk deer showed a high level of genetic diversity. The genetic diversity of the population in China was relatively low. There was a certain amount of gene flow between the two populations. So, it could be taken to introduce artificially musk deer from Russian into population in China to strengthen gene flow and increase diversity. It was better for us to protect germplasm resources of musk deer. Besides, according for the situation of musk deer population resources in our country, the saving way should be basically on living. At the same time, the development of musk deer breeding should be promoted. And inbreeding depression could be reduced by using molecular marker assisted selection technology.