Research On Cluster Head And Data Transmission Optimization Between Clusters Based On LEACH Protocol

Wireless sensor networks(WSN)is a networks which is composed of a large number of low-power sensor nodes in a self-organizing manner.It can monitor the environment of the monitoring area in real time.Therefore,it is widely used in various fields.Due to the limited energy of the sensor nodes and the poor deployment environment,it is impossible to maintain and replace the battery manually.It is an important consideration for the improvement of LEACH protocol to study how to balance the overall energy consumption of the network while reducing the energy consumption of the node and extending the life of WSN.Therefore,this paper proposes a WSN optimization algorithm based on LEACH protocol.The main work of this paper are:(1)The problem of random selection of cluster heads is improved,and the residual energy and concentration of nodes are considered in the process of cluster head selection.The threshold formula selected by cluster head is added with the relative residual energy of nodes and the relative concentration factor of nodes,so that the nodes with more residual energy and relatively concentrated nodes are more likely to become cluster heads,avoiding the premature death of individual nodes,balancing the energy consumption of the network,and increasing the life cycle of sensor network.(2)The inter-cluster data transmission phase of the LEACH protocol is improved.In the process of inter-cluster information transmission,the algorithm combines the fast convergence speed of particle swarm optimization and the ability of ant colony algorithm to search for exact solutions.Firstly,the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to search the suboptimal solution in a certain number of iterations.And then the suboptimal solution which is obtained by the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to initialize the pheromone distribution of the maximum and minimum ant colony algorithm.The algorithm not only overcomes the problem of long searching time,but also gives full play to the ability of searching precise solution.(3)The inter-cluster data transmission phase of the LEACH protocol is improved,and the problem of uneven energy consumption of nodes caused by single-hop routing is improved.In the fitness function of pso,the residual energy of the next hop node,the distance from the next hop node and the distance from the next hop node to the base station are considered.The residual energy of the next hop node is considered in the heuristic function of the MMAS algorithm.This method can balance network energy consumption and extend the life of WSN.Finally,MATLAB is used to simulate the improved protocol in this paper.The simulation results show that compared with LEACH protocol and ant colony optimization LEACH protocol,the improved protocol in this paper can effectively balance the energy consumption of Wireless sensor networks and extend the network life cycle.