| In this paper, the higher biodiversity in the scenic spot of Maiji Mountain has been systematically studied. Based on the thorough and systematical investigation, the gap of the biodiversity research in this region will be filled in , the biodiversity will be enriched , the scientific basis for declaring world double relics(cultural relics and natural heritage ) will be provided , moreover, the theoretical guidance for the protection , reasonable exploitation and utilization of natural resources will be supplied. The research methods involve in field investigation and indoor arrangement. Sample route inventory, as well as plot cruising , is adopted in field investigation to obtain the valuable data . Indoor arrangement includes specimen identification ,data processing and classification of the structure of the community by environmental features , tree layer , shrub layer and herb layer . The result shows that in this region there are 2,371 higher species in all , belonging to 962 genera and 218 families, among which there are 101 species of bryophyte belonging to 71 genera and 37 families; 85 species of ferns belonging to 41 genera and 21 families; 47 species of gymnosperms belonging to 20 genera and 8 families and 2,138 species of angiosperms belonging to 830 genera and 152 families.29 Chinese endemic genera have been found in this region, among which there are 14 genera with mono-species, 13 genera with fewer species, and 2 with plentiful species. 20 species have been inscribed on the national endangered species list ; many of the areal types of the endangered flora are northern temperate elements, which take up 40% and are identical to those of spermatophytic flora in this region; endemic composition to China covering 25% take the second place , which reflects the primitiveness and endemic of the floristic composition ; the areal types also are related to east Asia element , tropical Asia an Africa elements , east Asia and north America disconnected elements , which indicates that the spermatophytic flora here shares the characteristics of that in north China and south China. There are 5 species of model, together with 34 species of orchid belonging to 23genera. The nation-wide fifteen areal types of spermatophyte can be found here , which reflects the complexity of the floral composition . According to analysis of the proportion of the areal types in the scenic spot , it can be found that 73 genera , 201 genera covering 23.65% of the total genera in the scenic spot and 409 genera covering 48.11% of the total genera in the scenic spot belong to worldwide elements , tropical elements and temperate elements respectively. This phenomena shows that the flora composition in this region is characterized by the dominance of the temperate element , esp. the northern temperate element .In addition , there are 106 genera with east Asia elements and 29 Chinese endemic genera , which take up 12.47 % and 3.41 % of the total genera in the scenic spot respectively , moreover , some genera , which distribute in Mediterranean area ,west Asia, middle Asia , have been found here . In accordance with the distribution , it can be identified that this scenic spot is the transitional region ranging from warm temperate zone to northern sub-tropical zone . Of the well-known 2,185 species of spermatophyte , there are 25 subspecies, 171 varieties and 13 forma. Subspecies and other lower types take up 9.6% of spermatophyte in this region ,which reflects the genetic biodiversity. The biodiversity here is rich , which contains forest eco-system , wetland eco-system and grassland eco-system as well. In this scenic spot ,there are various vegetation types , which can be classified into 7 vegetation type groups, 17 vegetation types and 59 formations. |
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