Historical Investigation On The Peasants' Production Activities Of Southern Jiangsu In The Sencond Half Of 1940s

This thesis is the study of the peasants'production activities of southern Jiangsu in the Sencond Half of 1940s .The article take "Jiangsu Province rural investigation" as the original historical basis, mainly from the possession and use of land, the tenancy relationship and the employment relations, rural farming production, sideline production and lending relations aspects, conduct a comprehensive study on southern Jiangsu rural productive activities,in order to show a basic screen of rural production. Since southern Jiangsu's economic status of the history and reality, the study on southern Jiangsu's rural productive activities will have certain historical value and the reality meaning.This paper is divided into six parts to conduct investigations.Part I: by reading books, limit the scope of the study, and from the macro level of southern Jiangsu's population, land, agriculture, sideline, surface transport, the natural geographical conditions outlined. This paper is clearly defined southern Jiangsu's geographical scope, will be subordinate to all counties and cities in southern Jiangsu Civil Administration rural production activities as the core of this paper. Based on a summary of southern Jiangsu, the writer pointed out that this research will contribute to a better modern history of the development of China's rural socio-economic status.Part II: Based on the survey materials ,the paper conduct the investigations from the land of the possession and use of two parts of land in rural areas and the relationship between the various sectors. The complex Land tenancy relationships "a multi-tenant Lord" and "a major multi-tenant" led to the separation of phenomenon of rural land ownership and the right to operate the, impede the size of the rural land operations.Part III: southern Jiangsu rural tenancy relationship and the employment relationship. southern Jiangsu 's main form of rent into rural labour rent,monetary and in-kind rent rent. Rent in the form of service is a form of feudal government rent, it is more popular in Jiading and Songjiang, the paper take the "Jiaosetian" of Songjiang County as an example of servitude rent study the specific situation. Currency rent in the liberation war period due to economic reasons such as gradually hyperinflation had been replaced by a rent in kind. Rent divided into the"Dingzu","Huozu","Fenzu".At the same time addresses a special form of land tenancy - Wing Tsukuda's tenancy situation. And use a lot of statistical analysis of historical data across different rent amount and rate of exploitation of southern Jiangsu's area.Employment relationship. employment of southern Jiangsu can be divided into long-term, month-term,short term,we use materials study the three types of employee respectively,it contains the number of workers, working hours, wages and treatment status,analysis the proportion and the class in the rural population employed in about the two sides of the employment.Part IV: from the natural conditions of agricultural production, livestock farming and possession of farming system in rural areas to study southern Jiangsu's planting development status.southern Jiangsu's unique natural conditions of agricultural production, have warm and humid climate, adequate calories, rich in waterpower resources, it is the famous grain production bases in history of our country.Southern Jiangsu have more advanced agricultural equipments and traditional simple tools. The possession of the farming tools about various classes , is closely related to their income, rich peasants occupy relatively more farm tools, and the poor have only a small number of simple tools. The planted structure of the main crops according to the climate and geographical environment, more suitable for cultivation of crops, but most farmers are planting rice and wheat crops, and maintain two crops a year or three crops two years.Take rotation of crops production institution, in order to protect the production and land fertility. Finally, conduct investigations about the cost of agricultural production.Part V: The sideline production of South Jiangsu.It is universal that agricultural and sideline production are undertaking in the same time in southern Jiangsu area.There is a close relationship between sideline production and the peasants'life. Southern Jiangsu's rural sideline have a wide range consists of handicraft production, fruit and vegetable cultivation of economic forest, feeding industry. Pinnong and Zhongnong is the main to sideline production and mainly higher number. Because of the more people and limited land harvest in southern Jiangsu, almost every household sideline production are carried out in order to increase income, many farmers even make sideline production as their major source of family income. Agricultural and sideline production is relatively active,it make higher levels of product commercialization.Part VI: agricultural lending situation.Why the agricultural lending exist and both lenders and borrowers. Most landlords and rich peasants in the rural areas is lenders households,the vast majority of households and liabilities for Pinnong, Zhongnong,the Gunong can borrow little debt because of no property.lending types and interest. Fertilizer and cattle load is the main two agricultural lending type.According to lending time,the interest rate of the duration, divided into year rate,month rate,day rate.