A Study On The Construction Of Individual Credit Investigation System And Application In China

Credit is a tache that supports the modern social economy relation normally. Individual credit is the foundation of the whole social credit.Because individual credit system is not perfect, individual credit relation is disordered, and the discreditable behaviors including fraud and bilk exist widely.This kind of condition not only becomes a huge obstacle in the course of the development of the socialism market economy, but also has badly affected the progress of the whole society.Especially, our country has already joined WTO, and then the socialism market economy will be in line with international tradition within larger scope and more deep degree. If perfect individual credit system can't be built up in good time, our country will be inharmonious with the economy of the world,and individual credit investigation system is the important part of individual credit system. Individual credit investigation can objectively reflect individual credit standing,and throw daylight on it by providing credit reporting and credit grading well and truly,which can make discreditable register become a stumbling block in participating the economic activity.Therefore, individual credit investigation will supervise and urge the person to support individual credit self-consciously,which can increase individual credit level and the whole social credit level,and then maintain the normal movement of the socialism market economy system.At the present time, optimizing bank property structure and increasing demand by developing personal consumption loan has already become the world consensus, but the actual development level of the personal consumption loan in our country is still very low, for which one important reason is that individual credit investigation system is not enough perfect;moreover, the lag of the development of individual credit investigation system in our country has also caused the low efficiency during the government managing social economy, so the establishment of individual credit investigation system has been an urgency.The main contents of the thesis include nine chapters. In the basis of definitely defining the concepts related to individual credit investigation, this thesis clarifies the great significance of setting up individual credit investigation system by the theory of information economics and transaction cost theory,and then analyses the property of individual credit investigation product by use of the public product theory,which offers theory basis for microcosmic operation pattern of individual credit investigation organization.The thesis introducts the conditions of the individual credit investigation system which takes USA, Europe and Japan as representative,and sums up the experience in process of construction,wh- ich provides references for establishing individual credit investigation system in our country;The thesis traces the course of the development of individual credit investigation in china in order that people can realize the cause and effect of it;The thesis anatomizes the problems under the construction of individual credit investigation system in our country from macroscopic and microcosmic view,and brings forward relevant suggestions aimming at the problems,and designs perfect individual credit investigation system in our country from macroscopic and microcosmic view;The thesis designs individual credit report, and demonst- rates the significance of the individual credit report in personal credit ,leasehold, engagemen- t,etc by use of typical cases obtained in the investigation;The thesis evaluates individual credit synthetically bu use of AHP,and then gets general individual credit valuation( grading) model;The thesis fetches the case of peasant household credit investigation of Tai'an in Shandong province,and on the basis of field surveys,intrduces the practice actuality of peasant household credit investigation of Tai'an these days,and probes into its significances and the problems during its construction,at the same time,provides a few suggestions aiming at these problems.At last,designs peasant household credit valuation index systems,and attempts to establish peasant household credit valuation( grading) model according to the status quo in the country at present.The main conclusions of the thesis are as follows:First,based on the analysis to individual credit investigation system of USA,Japan and Europe,obtain the apocalypses for our country. The apocalypses include:Firstly, the choice of individual credit investigation mode must consider the actual state of our country, and try hard to fit with economic characteristics and social cultural structure of homeland;Secondly,the sound law system of individual credit investigation is the guarantee to the healthy development of individual credit investigation industry; Thirdly,the concentration of individual credit investigation industry is enhancing gradually,and the scale becomes bigger and bigger; Fouthly,the diversification of individual credit investigation products can strengthen the adaptive ability of individual credit investigation industry in the market.Second, the construction of individual credit investigation system in our country is still in elementary period,so a lot of problems exist that need to be resolved urgently.The thesis anatomizes the problems under the construction of individual credit investigation system in our country from macroscopic and microcosmic view. The main problems of macroscopic aspect include:Lack social credit consciousness,and people's conception about credit can not fit the contruction of individual credit investigation system;The laws of the contruction of individual credit investigation system are not perfect; Supervision of individual credit investigation industry is absent;The education of credit management is behindhand,so the persons with ability on credit investigation are scarce;Standardization of individual credit investigation system is laggard.The problems of microscopic aspect mainly include: Operational mode of individual credit investigation organization is not specific,which would influence social investment and long-term and steady development; The credit information for producing products is scant,and the abilities of innovation on individual credit investigation products are not strong.Third, setting up Perfect individual credit investigation system need to make great efforts from many aspects. Brings forward relevant suggestions aimming at the problems,and designs perfect individual credit investigation system in our country from macroscopic and microcosmic view.Seen from the macroscopic aspect,firstly to strengthen to give publicity to credit investigation in order to raise the people's credit consciousness;Secon- dly to build up correlative law system of individual credit investigation as soon as possible;Thirdly to perfect supervision for individual credit investigation industry step by step; Fourthly to strengthen the education and training to credit investigation personnel;Fifthly to speed standardization of individual credit investigation industry.Seen from microscopic aspects, firstly to make individual credit investigation organization realize marketization gradually;Secondly to ensure that individual credit information is timely, exact and integrated from many aspects,at the same time,to impel market demand of individual credit investigation product by increasing science and technology content.Fourth,set up the individual credit evaluation index system by the factors of individual credit value on the basis of researches at home and abroad. The individual credit evaluation index system includes four tiers,which are target tier,rule tier,subrule tier and index tier.Target tier namely is individual credit value; Rule tier includes postulate,abilit- y,assets,and moral character; Subrule tier includes employment status,housing status,individu- al conditions, debt and income ratio, assets and debts ratio, sponsion, judicatory register,credit history register and social credit register; Index tier includes stability of employment,duty,the title of a technical post, stability of habitation,housing right, native place,age, culture degree, marriage status, health status,criminal register, police punishment register,overdue payment register, breach of faith register, tax dodging and tax evasion register,unpayment register of public utility fee and bad employment register.Fifth,make certain the proportion of individual credit evaluation index by AHP,and work out evaluation standard by expert marking,and get the individual credit evaluation model by average.The individual credit evaluation model is Fjthereinto,"M"is individual credit grade;"wj"is the synthetical proportion ; m Fj is the score.Sixth,find out the questions in the practice of peasant household credit investigation in the basis of taking apart the case of peasant household credit investigation in Tai'an of Shandong province.Some questions as follows in the practice of peasant household credit investigation have been found out:Firstly, credit investigation personnelof the Rural Credit Cooperative in grass roots are few,which is difficult to ensure the quality of credit investigati- on;Secondly,peasant household credit evaluation is lack of quantitative indexes,so the evaluation bears subjectivity; Setting up peasant household credit record and evaluating peasant household credit are given the rigidity index ,which affects the quality of constructing peasant household credit; Fourthly,the prompting action of peasant household credit investigation can not been brought into play fully.Seventh, according to"the Direction Opinions for Small Credit Loan of the Rural Credit Cooperative"issued by People's Bank of China,work out peasant household credit evaluation index system by "4C" analytical method in the basis of researches before.The peasant household credit evaluation index system includes three tiers,which are target tier,rule tier and index tier.Target tier namely is peasant household credit value;Rule tier includes moral character,ability,assets and postulate;Index tier includes the evaluation from neighbours,credit history register,income per,anticipative income ratio,loan guarantee ratio, sponsion,age and health status of householder,culture level, potential quality of item and so on.