Study Of Energy-balanced Clustering Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks

The sensor, embedded computing, networks and wireless communication technologies have motivated the development of wireless sensor networks. Wireless sensor netwrork forms a multi hop Ad hoc network system through wireless communication. It can be used for testing, sensing, collecting and processing information of monitored objects. Sensor nodes have limited power, calculation ability and bandwidth, so traditional wireless routing protocol is not suitable for wireless sensor network, it is the key point to design routing protocol that can save power and prolong the lifetime of network in the research of wireless sensor network.LEACH is a classical routing protocol for WSN, but some defects exist in it. In LEACH when cluster heads transmit their data to the sink via multi-hop communication, the cluster heads closer to the sink not only gather the data in their clusters but also forward the data for other cluster heads. These key nodes are burdened with heavy relay traffic and tend to die early. Energy-balanced clustering routing protocol (EBC) is proposed in this paper, and it adjusts the scale of member nodes in a cluster to balance the energy consumption of every cluster head node. The residual energy and the surrounding node density are taken as the parameters to optimze the porcess of cluster-head selection in EBC routing protocol. So nodes with lower residual energy will not become cluster heads.In this paper, first, a summary of Wireless Sensor Network development history and some applications of Wireless Sensor Network are given. Second, several kinds of existing protocols are listed. Third, the classical LEACH routing protocol is analyzed. Then energy-balanced clustering routing protocol is proposed. At last, the simulation results on Network Simulator 2(NS2) show that EBC protocol achieves great advance in network's lifetime compared with the LEACH protocol.