Balanced Energy-based Double Clustering Optimization Algorithm

Clustering technology is an important topology technology in wireless sensor network (WSN). Through clustering, not only the expansibility and management of network could be improved, but also the energy consumption of nodes will be balanced. Aiming at balanced energy of WSN, optimal selection of double cluster heads is researched in this paper based on LEACH protocol.First, in view of selection of main cluster head, optimization of cluster number is proposed to ensure the optimal number of cluster heads. Meantime, average energy of the network is proposed in order to exclude the possibility that nodes with low energy are selected main cluster heads. Besides, the surplus energy is introduced to the selection mechanism of main cluster heads to equalize the chance for each node acting as main cluster head. Thus the network energy will be balanced.Second, in view of selection of vice cluster head, fitness function including energy of nodes, distance between nodes and their corresponding cluster heads and base station is adopted to ensure the best vice cluster heads both in energy and position. The node which gets a minimum fitness function will be selected as vice cluster head. In addition, independent nodes are set. Thus the extra energy used for transmitting data with long distance is saved.Third, the simulation of balanced energy-based double cluster heads algorithm (BEBDC), LEACH and clustering algorithm based on uneven distributed double cluster heads for wireless sensor networks (BUDC) is performed on MATLAB platform. Different node density, position of base station and network range are set for a comprehensive comparison. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can balance the energy consumption, prolong the network lifetime and ensure the integrity of data transmission.