| Disaster news almost covers all the elements of news value. It is one type of the news reports which draws people's attention most. Disaster news coverage should follow rules of news reporting. However, under our political tradition, the "alienation" phenomenon exists throughout the development of disaster news reports. This phenomenon means that earthquake relief is the news instead of the disaster itself. Anyhow, the news report on catastrophic events happened after liberation has also manifested many changes.Out of regard for these changes, this essay is going to concentrate the study on three questions. First, what is our traditional reporting framework of disaster news? Second, what kind of reporting framework does WenChuan Earthquake shows us? Last, compared with traditional reporting framework, is there any breakthrough in this kind of reporting framework? How and why?In literature review part, this essay examines and combs the development course of our disaster news reports. It finds out that there is a closely connection with politics. Because leftist political routes had been carried out for a long time after liberation, disaster news cannot be covered according to reporting rules. By using frame theory to analyze natural disaster news reports on 1976 TangShan Earthquake, 1998 Flood and early 2008 Snow Calamity, this essay summarizes traditional reporting frameworks in disaster news coverage, that is, "complete political propaganda" in the Cultural Revolution, "politic-oriented reports" in 1990s and "reports with humanistic care under stable circumstance" in 2008 Snow Calamity news reports. And the news report on WenChuan Earthquake is used to compare with the three frameworks which have never been studied in former researches. This is also an innovative point of this essay.At present, in the relevant literature review about the framework analysis of WenChuan Earthquake reports, there are "propaganda framework" and "framework with media supervision and humanistic care" which are concluded by analyzing WenChuan Earthquake reports in People's Daily and South Weekend respectively. However, People's Daily and South Weekend represent two completely different points, so it is not reasonable enough to use these two frameworks to reflect our current disaster news reports.This essay has the creative thoughts in choosing the research samples: it has changed the tradition that research samples of disaster reports mostly come from paper media in the literature review. Since WenChuan Earthquake happened in 2008 where network media gets involved in earthquake information disclosure, the essay decides to choose research samplesfrom network media——Xinhua Net and Youku Net. In our country, net media do not haveindependent reporting rights, but Xinhua Net get the reporting rights by Xinhua News Agency, which actually has the features of both official media and net media. Considering these features of the disaster reporting framework of Xinhua Net and the facts that it is Xinhua Net that gives the earliest and most reports in the first 17 days after the earthquake happened according to 1000 Dragon Net estimated, the thesis chooses Xinhua Net as one of the typical research samples. The reason why the essay chooses the Youku Net as the sample of non-governmental media and compares it with Xinhua Net is that the editor of the video does not have the presupposed report intention and not check the video uploaded by citizens and video of eve of actor cruel mesh broadcasts a quantity to break through 100 million.In terms of research approach, the essay uses frame theory as support. The research approaches contain content Analysis, discourse Analysis and comparative method. After comparing Xinhua Net and Youku Net by Content Analysis and Discourse Analysis, the thesis reaches the conclusion that nowadays the reporting framework of disaster news is the socially responsible framework, which has the strongly official elements. There are many differences between this framework and the traditional framework of news reports: 1. Objective reporting and not hiding the situation of the disaster. 2. Earthquake relief is still the major job, but medium give less publicity. 3. Human Nature logo is contained from the start to the end. 4. Sufficiently general mobilization of the society and the arousing people's social responsibility. Through a study of the reasons: firstly, it is because of the new media techniques and citizens' awakening of democratic consciousness; secondly, it dues to the establishment of the freedom of administrative information; thirdly, it is from the pressure of internationally environmental communication.The essay provides some explorations about our nation's disaster news reports, such as the report should fully display the facts of the disaster; the government should give victims right to speak and improve the legal system of disaster news reports, and so on. |
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