The Research On Cluster-based Routing Protocols For Wireless Sensor Networks

The wireless sensor network (WSN) combinates of sensor technology, computing technology and communication technology, and can be used for testing, sensing, collecting and processing information or monitored objects. The real link is established between our perception of the physical world and the logic world of information. The applications of WSN has caused many countries in the world of the military departments, industry and academia extensive attention because of the tremendous value, and it has been widely used in military, industrial process control, national security, environmental monitoring and other fields.Wireless sensor network consists of a large number of small sensors with low-power transceiver. Since a network consists of sensors with limited battery energy, the method for data gathering and routing must be energy efficiently in order to prolong the lifetime of the network. Starting from the basic idea of this, we analyzed and compared some routing protocols that proposed by oversea researehers, and then present a new energy-efficient and static cluster-based multi-hop routing protocol.Based on LEACH protocol, SCMR protocol has three improvements just described as following:1. The areas of clustering are fixed. The first round, the areas of clustering are determined by the base station (BS).Once the division has finished, the areas of clustering no longer change until the end of the life cycle of the network. The division of clustering-areas optimized and to ensure that the cluster head approximate location on uniform distribution in the monitoring of regional and avoids the energy-dissipated caused by uneven distribution of Cluster head.2. The selection of cluster head is determined mainly by the remaining energy of node and extends effectively the lifetime of the network.3. SCMR protocol includes a weight-based multi-hop routing protocol used for inter clusters,which adapt to setting up router-table with weight to communicate inter cluster heads and BS. But multi-hop routing leads to more energy-dissipated of the nodes close to BS. SCMR protocol introduces a parameter about the state of energy changed, to update the router-table dynamically to decrease the energy-dissipated of the nodes close to BS and avoids imbalanced energy-dissipated among cluster heads. Finally, the simulation results show that SCMR protocol efficiently banlances energy-dissipated of the whole networks and prolongs the lifetime of the networks.Finally, this paper simulated the new algorithm using NS2. Simulation results show that the algorism performs better than LEACH on prolong the lifetime of the network and improve data accuracy.This thesis is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (6067-2137,60773211),PH.D.Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (20060497015) and Supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-08-0806) .