Research And Implement On Clustering Algorithm In Wireless Sensor Network

As a new technique of collecting data, wireless sensor networks (WSN) have required more and more attentions both in military and civil fields. The responsibility of routing algorithms is to deliver data between source and destination nodes. The different features of WSN make the traditional routing algorithms can not be applied efficiently to them. Routing algorithms is a hot research area in WSN. So far clustering is supposed to be an efficient way to perform energy management and extend the network lifetime. Based on systematically summarizing the relevant works on routing algorithms, researches in this paper include:First, we analyze the unique characteristics that make WSN different from other traditional wireless networks, and current routing algorithms in WSN, including flat routing and cluster-based routing. We conclude the relative merits of these routing algorithms and design our novel approach based on them;Second, LEACH is selected to be the research target as the representative of the clustering protocols; we bring forward some improvements based on analyzing its shortages. The improved LEACH periodically selects cluster heads according to their residual energy and the distance between node and station. The improved LEACH protocol lets cluster heads communicate with their nodes by multi-hop. The simulation results proved that distribution of cluster heads are more even, and the improved algorithm reduces power consumption, prolong the network's life period.Third, to prolong the lifetime of the network and enhance the efficiency of energy utilization, we propose a new clustering algorithm-energy efficient clustering algorithm. In order to ensure the energy consumption of sending data is minimum, nodes according to the mutual distance between them for clusters group.At the same time, the algorithm also tries to make the energy consumption of cluster heads sending data to the base station smaller. Compared with LEACH, the routing algorithm effectively balances the energy consumption among cluster heads and achieves an obvious improvement on the network lifetime.