| Based on the development of micro-electro-mechanism system, sensors technology, wireless communications and modern network technology, wireless sensor network which was used for military only in the past has been widely used nowadays in industrial monitoring, urban management, remote medical, intelligent traffic and green agricultural and so on. It is considered as the top of ten technologies which will change the future of human lifestyle by Technology Review (USA ) .As the energy stored in the nodes of wireless sensor network is limited, it is very important to solve the energy problems such as how to use the energy of the nodes themselves efficiently and extending the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. Also, it is an important indicator by which we can judge the routing algorithm of wireless sensor network. So it is significant to analyze and research the routing protocol of wireless sensor network.The main achievements of this paper are as follows:1. For the energy constrained problems of wireless sensor network nodes, clustering routing algorithms such as LEACH are deeply researched on a basis of the wireless sensor networks routing protocols'analysis.2. It designs the efficient routing protocols based on LEACH algorithm by cluster head election and cluster formation. According to the surplus energy of node and the distance between base station and nodes, the node which has more surplus energy or the distance closing to the base station will be cluster head. In consideration of the distance between ordinary node and cluster head and the distance between cluster head and base station, the formation process of cluster is identified.3. Comparing with the existing protocols, the result of MATLAB Simulation shows that new LEACH algorithm has a better performance in reducing energy consumption of nodes and extending the network lifetime.4. Finally, this paper not only sums up the performance of the new protocol, but also points out the direction of further research. |
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