The Research On Supervision By Public Opinion At Early Period Of The PRC

In the early period after the foundation of the PRC, Chinese Communist Party was faced with many challenges. In state, many problems in economy, politics and military need to be solved. In the international arena, the US-led capitalist countries sought to isolate China in economy and politics. The most important is that Chinese Communist Party turned to a ruling party. It is the most important practical problem to consolidate the ruling position and prevent the bourgeois corrosion. Through the strategic thinking, Chinese Communist Party made a decision to vigorously develop public opinion supervision, to eliminate corruption, to improve the party's work style and consolidate power by supervising party members' errors in the work. This article attempts to discuss the historical background of launching public opinion supervision in the early years of the PRC, analyze the necessity of carrying out public opinion supervision, and then research the principle of Chinese Communist Party about public opinion supervision and the implementation of public opinion supervision, so as to explore the achievements from public opinion supervision, and acquire the enlightenment of public opinion supervision for nowadays. This paper is divided into five parts.The first part is to elaborate the concept of public opinion supervision and its three major functions. The three functions of the public opinion supervision are supervision function, political participation function, educational function. In order to make the concept of public opinion supervision more clear, this part made some distinction between public opinion supervision and other forms of supervision. Through analyzing the current situation of public opinion supervision in China, we emphasize the important practical significance in studying public opinion supervision in the early years of the PRC.The second part is to introduce the historical background of launching public opinion supervision, analyze Chinese Communist Party facing many challenges due to the change of Chinese Communist Party status, the change of the party's central tasks and the change of the Party members. Further pointed out is that launching public opinion supervision is not only necessary, but also at the right moment, and is the correct decision made by the Chinese Communist Party leaders.In part three, the paper is primarily to study Chinese Communist Party's understanding about public opinion supervision, and further to summarize party's supervision of public opinion policy. The party's policy on supervision of public opinion comes from Chinese Communist Party's understanding of public opinion supervision. The principle of the party's public opinion supervision has three points: insisting on the party's spirit and principle, public opinion supervision serving the national construction, public opinion supervision being taken seriously and responsibly.The fourth part mainly researches the ways of implementing public opinion supervision, the contents and its effect. Carrying out public opinion supervision needs certain ways. The main ways to carry out public opinion supervision were newspaper, the Xinhua News Agency and People's Broadcasting Station in the early period of the foundation of the PRC. From the implementation point of view, the contents of public opinion supervision are very extensive and involve all aspects. Therefore from national economic construction and the party's work style, I summarize the five main contents of public opinion supervision. Finally, I analyze the effects of implementation of public opinion supervision and acquire the achievements of public opinion supervision.The last part of the paper analyzes public opinion supervision's characteristics and draws some experience from the procedure of carrying out public opinion supervision under the leadership of the Party in the early period of the PRC. In the process of carrying out public opinion supervision, correctly handling the relationship between insisting the leadership of the party and public opinion supervision is the key of carrying out public opinion supervision; and recognizing the deep contradictions under public opinion supervision is the essential requirement; protecting the critics and punishing retaliation are important guarantees.