Research Of Cluster-Based Low Energy Consumption And Security Routing Protocols For Wireless Sensor Networks

As a novel way of acquiring and processing information,wireless sensor networks(WSNs) have been an attractive research hot-spot all over the world.It is a late-model non-infrastructure wireless network,and can be used for testing,sensing, collecting and processing information of monitored objects.WSNs do not need the support of fixed network,it has the fast start and strong invulnerability features and has very broad application prospects.Both academia and industries have shown great interests in WSNs.Routing protocol is one of the current research hot-spots in wireless sensor networks.As the characteristics of WSNs are different from traditional networks, such as the strictly limited node energy,computing power and communication bandwidth,and a high degree of application-related,a large number of traditional routing protocols can not be applied to wireless sensor networks,so new routing protocols must be designed.In recent years,there are many routing protocols for wireless sensor networks;the research on LEACH is also a hot-spot in wireless sensor networks.In this thesis,we summarize and compare the typically routing protocols based on the characteristic of WSNs,and we summarize some common attacking types of routing protocols in wireless sensor networks from the view of routing security,and give the analysis of security of routing protocols.Then,we give the analysis of LEACH in detail,and achieve the simulation of LEACH in NS2 simulation platform. At the same time,we analyze and compare that different simulation parameters make some impacts on the performance indicators of WSNs.Then,we describe the improvement and modification about LEACH for energy consumption and security. One of the improvements is the improvement of LEACH routing protocol (LEACH-ZMH) which adopts the methods of cluster-head selection based on zone and multiple hop data transmission among clusters,it makes some optimizations on cluster-head selection and data transmission,and effectively reduces energy consumption of LEACH routing protocol.Through dividing network into a number of zones,and adopting the method of cluster-head selection based on zone, LEACH-ZMH makes a more even distribution of cluster-head nodes,and effectively reduces energy consumption of data transmission between cluster-member node and cluster-head node.At the same time,LEACH-ZMH adopts the method of multiple hop data transmission among clusters,and effectively reduces energy consumption of data transmission between Sink node and cluster-head node,and extends the survival time of the network.The other improvement is the proposing of security solution of LEACH protocol,which adds two-way authentication of link and authentication of node to LEACH protocol,and can effectively resist HELLO Floods which is most vulnerable to attack in LEACH protocol.This thesis has confirmed feasibility of LEACH-ZMH through the simulation experiments in the NS2 simulation platform, and theoretically verified effectiveness of the security solution of LEACH protocol. Finally,we give the conclusion of our work and suggestions for future research direction of wireless sensor networks.This thesis is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60672137,60773211),and by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(No.NCET-08-0806),Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program Foundation of Ministry of Education of China Under Grant(No.20060497015) and Hubei Province Key Scientific and Technological Project(No.2007AA101C63).