The Research Of The Adaptive Clustering Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks(WSNs) has capable of real-time monitoring,sensing and collecting data in the network region using a variety of micro-sensor nodes.WSNs has been used in the fields of military, medical, industrial, and environmental protection because of little fixed infrastructure, deployment flexibility, strong self-organizing capacity and good reliability. Because of the limited energy and randomness of the channel, how to use the nodes energy and reduce energy consumption is a challenging in order to maximize network lifetime in WSNs.As one of the key technologies in WSNs, routing protocol has an major effect on balancing network node energy consumption and prolonging the network lifetime. Firstly,an Multi-hop Routing Algorithm based on Dynamic Round Rotation is proposed.The algorithm modifies the cluster head selection threshold. The nodes adjust dynamically the rotation period according to their residual energy. It uses multi-hop routing mechanism to balance the energy consumption of cluster head in the clusters. It improves energy consumption of the cluster heads away from the base station, balancing the load of the network.Secondly, an improved algorithm of LEACH Protocol based on Uniform Zoned Clustering and Multi-hop Routing is proposed. Cluster formation and cluster head selection is finished based on the size and positional distribution and energy distribution of WSNs so as to balance the energy consumption. The multi-hop routing among cluster heads is constructed baesd on mixed mode of single and double cluster heads under minimal communication cost constraint for balancing WSNs load.Finally, The detailed algorithm description and theoretical analysis of the above two algorithms are presented.The experimental results show that the algorithms in this paper have better performances in balancing energy consumption and prolonging WSNs lifetime than LEACH and similar improved cluster-based routing algorithms.