Study On Data Acquisition And Transmission System Of Equipment Status Based On FPGA

Circuit designing based on FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) is one of the hottest research for the hardware engineer. Circuit system with FPGA has stronger functions and more abundant timing logic units than the traditional ones, the program that embedded in the FPGA is more convenient to be modified, the project cycle that designed with FPGA is much shorter compared with the traditional circuits.Mechanical vibration signals acquisition (data collection and transmission) in mechanical equipment state monitoring and fault diagnosis fields is an important issue which is in dire need of being promoted and enhanced. This paper addressed the issue, made in-depth analysis and research of different current machinery vibration signal data collection methods and collected data transmission methods. In accordance with the specific requirements of mechanical vibration signals acquisition, such as mass data storage, real time, continuous, this paper proposed a way to sample vibration signal which was based on FPGA. In this way, continuous and large scale of data would be transmited in time. For the sake of implementing the data acquisition function, a system similar as CPU was designed in a piece of FPGA. In the system a data acquisition controller was designed which is used to control the timing control module and multi-channel switch. A double-port RAM (FIFO) was designed in the FPGA system to achieve the collectting and storing of the data, and complete Ethernet and TCP/IP protocols packing synchronously. The system completed the Ethernet communication control through the executive of instruction one by one by using a reduced controlling method that similar as CPU. The collected data would transmitted to the computer by Ethernet normally, considering of the continuous running of large scale machines, a storage method based on USB was proposed to insure the continuity of the collecting data. A USB control module was designed in the FPGA, the module would transmit the collecting data to the mass storage device when the Ethernet method does not work. After the malfunction of the Ethernet had been settled, the colleting data could be transferred to the computer directly. The system was designed through hardware description language VHDL.This paper expatiate the idea of Top to Down after demonstrating the function of FPGA, then make a deep research of the key modules of the system. A satisfying result was obtained from simulation of the main modules after much improvement was done, a satisfying result by system simulation proved that the system work well. The mechanical vibration signal data collection and data transmission that proposed in the papers, made a great simplification of vibration signal acquisition strategy in the equipment condition monitoring and fault diagnostic system, also enhanced data acquisition efficiency, enhanced signal reliability, and greatly reduce the overall system cost. The general means of the data collection and transmission can satisfy most of the data acquisition system which is requirement of high speed, multi-channel and wide bandwidth. It has practical value and is a certain valuable reference for the research in the same field.