| For the survival of mankind and production activities of the foundation, Land resources is one of the most important natural resources. Economic development, population growth, land use exacerbated the conflict. At present, China's per capita arable land area and number lags far behind the world average level of ownership, coupled with technical and other conditions can use the resource constraints, can lead to the development and utilization of land resources continue to reduce the number. The less people and more difficult to have the situation Changed.Therefore, how the existing land resources to achieve sustainable use become an important subject. With the formation of the concept of sustainable development in the 1980s, sustainable land use became an important component part of global strategy of sustainable development and a regional foothold in this development. Sustainable land use has great theoretical significance in evaluation studies.Daqing City in central Songnen Plain, is located in the north eastern edge temperate Eurasia continent monsoon climate, ecological environment Songnen Plain is a typical representative of the District. In recent decades, as global warming and human economic activities intensified, produced a series of environment problems which contain land salinization, desertification ,grassland degradation. Urban ecosystem balance has been damaged, the low rate of industrial sewage treatment, urban heavier surface water pollution, and excessive extraction of groundwater serious water shortage has constrained the area of social, economic and ecological environmental development. As oil resources city, Daqing City is one of the strongest ties to the region,and also one of the dramatic changes in land use in the region. Therefore, we carried out the sustainable use Evaluation of land resources for ecological environmental problems which came with resources development in Daqing City. The discusstion the sustainable land use pattern and approach is of great practical significance.In recent years, there are many scholars at home and abroad for different degrees of sustainable land use. However, previous studies usually use a single data source.The Capacity of comprehensive analysis information is weak. In order to fully understand the regional results of the use and degree of land resources,re- mote sensing and GIS technology will be integrated into research trends. At present, the expression of geospatial data including vector and raster generally two types.Comparatively speaking, the simple rules of raster data structure, the integration of multi-source data processing is very convenient. IGBP, IHDP and other international organizations about Global Change Research launched a land use/land cover change dynamics as well as regional model which basede on 1 km grid of that 1 km grid composition data is an easy and effective performance of spatial data Integration of data integration methods. The geospatial information technology Which make remote sensing, geographic information system and global positioning system as the mainstay provides strong technical support of the temporal and spatial changes in land use and sustainable development of scientific research.. How to better use these new technologies, new methods to study the complex ecological environmental problems has an important significance.Based on the participation of professor and the use of land use/land cover theory, landscape ecologytheory and sustainable land use theory, the paper select land resources in Daqing City as study object by the use of digital grid technology. This article was the following aspects of the study.First of all, study on Spatial-temporal land use changes in Daqing City from the LUCC changes. The author applied the RS-GIS integrated technology to get the land use data and dynamic change datas of 1989 and 2004 in Daqing City using Landsat TM images. Based on the introject of 1 km grid data and LUCC data and with the support of ArcInfo ,we pick the spatial information database into six main types. And then, We have a land-use grid computing percentage change data. The land use change dynamics models, the land use degree models, the land use class index models, the land use dynamic transformation models and the land use landscape spatial pattern change models were applied to analyze the spatial-temporal land use changes process from the LUCC changes. The research reveals the temporal and spatial variation of the orientation, characteristics and laws, and provide space for other research data.Based on the analysis of the land use grid percent datas, it was concluded that the land use style changes mainly incarnated in the phenomenon of"four increases and four decreases". Three increases meant the increase of the area of residential area, woodland, desert soil and saline-alkali soil. Three decreases meant the decrease of the area of infield, grassland, water area and marsh.. During the fifteen years, the most increasing area is desert soil which area contrary to 1989's were 320.24% more than 2004's. The area of residential area is less which area contrary to 1989's were82.86% more than 2004's. During the fifteen years, the most reducing area is high overcast grassland which area contrary to 1989's were 78.32% more than 2004's.Through a series of land-use changes in time and space analysis model, we summed up the extent of land-use changes in spatial distribution of 15 years in Daqing City. Daqing City which contain Rang Hulu district, Saertu district, Longfeng District, Hong Gang District and Datong district is in a land-use development period. The land use level continuously improving.Furthermore, north higher than south,easten higher than westen. At the same time, the interaction between land-use types turn to faster more complicated. Forest land, waters and wetlands in the area is the most dynamic changes to the simple categories. The increase in forest land is from conversion to the upland; the increase in water is from conversion to wetlands; the increase in wetlands is from conversion to water. The dynamic changes of the grassland is the most complicated, not only its own internal transformation, and upland, woodland, sandy and saline-alkali soil into each other. At the same time, the paper graded land-use landscape pattern with the Natural Break of ArcView software. Research shows that human activities change the natural landscape of smaller regional, the land-use diversity and uniformity of generally low, and the advantages of index higher; the stronger the human activities of regional, the land-use diversity index is generally not high, and evenness and advantages of index higher; the stronger Human activities and natural elements, the land-use types of instability in the region, the natural landscape and cultural landscape of the staggered distribution, diversity and uniformity index higher, and the advantages of the index lower.Second, during the study of Daqing City in the past 15 years of land use/land cover spatial-empora lchanges,combining the current land resources environment- al problems,we establish the sustainable use of land evaluation index system in Daqing City. With the use of digital spatial information as the grid data source, AHP analysis to empower and Raster Calculate which ordered all indicators space grid computing data of the space Arcgis analysis module , the paper make the sustainable land use of space Evaluation of 1989-2004 in Daqing City. The results show that the level of sustainable land use in 1989 mainly concentrated in the classⅠ-Ⅲlevel,Ⅲand above the area and close to 80%, belowⅢregional level was scattered distribution, and the proportion of small, local sustainable land conditions keep well. Therefore, the status of land resources is still in good condition. 2004 mainly concentrated in gradeⅡ~Ⅳlevel,Ⅳregional level of the total area of 22.547%,Ⅴregional level the total area of 3.565 percent.ⅢandⅡis regional level significantly increased. The dropped region mainly concentrated in Saertuqu and Datong East. From the changes in the past 15 years, we can see that the sustainable land use extent is generally decline in Daqing City thatⅠregional level reduce the size of the area-47.41%d and some of which translated into gradeⅡregional and regional levelⅢ.Ⅱ.ⅢandⅣregional area have increased to varying degrees, respectively, 9.24%, 20.89% and 14.48%.Based on the research of land-use change and sustainable landuse degree in Daqing City and the main ecological environmental factors, we have a series of rehabilitation and reconstruction of the ecological environment the effective measures contact with local conditions, such as optimize the industrial structure, resources and the rational development and sustainable use, rational utilization of grassland rehabilitation and reconstruction projects, wetland protection and reforestation, optimize the land resources and the utilization and conservation of water resources.In this paper,we make grid whose data structure simple and facilitate to process the integration of multi-source dataing as an evaluation unit. Using the digital grid technology, put land use information into a grid percentage changing data. Land use/cover spatial-temporal changes and land for the sustainability of high-precision dynamic space research.in Daqing City using Multi-use remote sensing data and non-remote sensing data. To the land-use sustainable development strategy,the sustainable economic development of the region is of practical significance. |
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